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the Milky Way galaxy is our cosmic home

but it is far from being the only

galaxies in the universe to get a better

understanding of the composition and

evolution of our universe astronomers

try to answer a deceptively simple

question how many galaxy's other in the

universe

on a dark night the Milky Way can be

seen as a glowing band across the night

sky and for a long time it was thought

that the entire universe consisted of

our galaxy alone this only changed in

1924 in the year that Edwin Hubble

identified variable stars in several

spiral nebulae he used these stars to

calculate the distances to these nebulae

his observations prove that these stars

were far too distant to belong to our

Milky Way they instead were members of

other galaxies far outside the Milky Way

since then astronomers have tried to

find out just how many galaxies there

are in the observable universe

a reliable first estimate could only be

made after the Hubble Deep Field was

observed in 1995 this was the first real

deep look into the universe and it

revealed hundreds of galaxies that had

never been seen before

additional deep observations with Hubble

and other instruments followed detecting

even fainter and more distant galaxy s

from these observations astronomers

determined that the universe contained a

total of a hundred and twenty billion

galaxies these are only the galaxies

within the so-called observable universe

this consists of all objects that can in

principle be observed with telescopes

like Hubble those from which light has

had time to reach us since the beginning

of the universe beyond this limit known

as the cosmological horizon the universe

continues just how far it goes is yet an

unanswered question

now astronomers have carried out a new

analysis of published data from Hubble

and other telescopes they have concluded

that the previous estimate of the number

of galaxies within the observable

universe is at least 10 times too low

they think that some ninety percent of

the galaxies in the universe are

actually to faint and too far away to be

observed by the current generation of

telescopes astronomers can only infer

their existence based on models and

calculations the newly collected data

has allowed astronomers to look back

more than 13 billion years into the past

to the early days of the universe this

look back unveiled an early universe in

which the density of galaxies was also

10 times higher that today most of these

galaxies were relatively small and faint

with masses similar to those of the

satellite galaxies surrounding the Milky

Way

these results are powerful evidence that

galaxies evolved and groove I emerges

throughout the universe's history

dramatically reducing their total number

over time with ninety percent of the

galaxies in our universe yet to be

observed there is still much left to

explore and to discover for Hubble and

the upcoming james webb space telescope

once a game

Nature has surprised us beyond our

wildest imagination

now that you've caught up with Hubble

make sure to get the latest from the

ground to the e so cast highlights the

best of the european southern

observatory and it's powerful telescopes

that observe from high in the chilean

andes at the southern hemisphere's best

known sites for astronomical

observations

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