>> Sreenivasan: STARTING
TOMORROW, DIPLOMATS FROM 200
COUNTRIES WILL ARRIVE AT A
UNITED NATIONS-LED MEETING IN
POLAND TO TRY TO FIGURE OUT HOW
TO IMPLEMENT THE PARIS CLIMATE
AGREEMENT.
YESTERDAY, AFTER WEEK ONE OF THE
TWO WEEK MEETING, DELEGATES TO
THE INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE
CONFERENCE FAILED TO REACH
AGREEMENT ON RULES FOR NATIONS
TO RECORD AND REPORT THEIR
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS.
OUTSIDE, PROTESTORS DEMANDED
IMMEDIATE AND STRONGER ACTION TO
REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING.
SCIENTISTS WARNED THE DIPLOMATS
THAT THE CLIMATE IS WARMING EVEN
MORE RAPIDLY THAN PREDICTED--
BUT CURRENT DISPUTES BETWEEN THE
COUNTRIES WITH THE LARGEST
CARBON FOOTPRINTS-- THE UNITED
STATES AND CHINA-- MAY THREATEN
THE HIGH-STAKES CLIMATE
NEGOTIATIONS.
JOINING ME NOW IS SOMINI
SENGUPTA, THE "NEW YORK TIMES"
INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE REPORTER.
NOW, THE U.S. HAS SAID WE ARE
LEAVING THE PARIS ACCORDS,
BUT THESE MEETINGS CONTINUE.
WHY ARE THEY IMPORTANT?
>> SO, REMEMBER THE PARIS
ACCORD WAS SIGNED THREE YEARS
AGO, AS AN ASPIRATIONAL GLOBAL
AGREEMENT.
NOW, COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD
HAVE TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO PUT IT
INTO EFFECT.
AND THAT'S WHAT THEY'RE DOING
NOW IN THE POLISH CITY OF
KATOWICE WHICH IS IN THE MIDDLE
OF POLAND'S COAL COUNTRY,
ACTUALLY.
AND EVEN THOUGH THE UNITED
STATES HAS PULLED OUT, ANNOUNCED
ITS INTENTION TO PULL OUT,
RATHER, THE UNITED STATES
REMAINS IN THE AGREEMENT UNTIL
THE END OF 2020.
THAT IS JUST THE WAY THE
AGREEMENT IS WRITTEN.
IT TAKES SOME TIME BEFORE YOU
CAN ACTUALLY EXIT.
SO, THE UNITED STATES HAS
NEGOTIATORS IN THE ROOM,
NEGOTIATING ON A DOCUMENT THAT
IN PRINCIPLE WILL NOT APPLY TO
THE U.S. IF IT ACTUALLY
CONTINUES ITS PULLOUT.
>> Sreenivasan: SO, HOW DOES
THIS IMPACT THE ENTIRE KIND OF
GLOBAL CONVERSATION WHEN THE
UNITED STATES SAYS, "WELL, WE'RE
HERE, BUT WE REALLY DON'T WANT
TO BE PART OF THIS ANYWAY," AND
IN THE CONTEXT OF THE
DISAGREEMENTS THAT ARE HAPPENING
RIGHT NOW BETWEEN THE UNITED
STATES AND CHINA?
>> SO, FOR THE UNITED STATES AND
CHINA, HOW TO ADDRESS CLIMATE
CHANGE IS THEIR MOST
CONSEQUENTIAL, MOST IMPORTANT
DIPLOMATIC TEST.
WE KNOW WHERE THE U.S. STANDS ON
THAT.
IT HAS ANNOUNCED ITS INTENTION
TO PULL OUT.
CHINA IS STILL IN.
ALL THE OTHER COUNTRIES OF THE
WORLD ARE STILL IN.
THE U.S. IS THE ONLY COUNTRY
THAT HAS SIGNALED ITS INTENTION
TO PULL OUT.
CHINA IS ON TRACK TO MEET ITS
OWN TARGETS THAT IT SET FOR
ITSELF.
HOWEVER, BOTH CHINA'S EMISSIONS
AND THE UNITED STATES'
EMISSIONS, GREENHOUSE GAS
EMISSIONS, HAVE GONE UP THIS
YEAR.
WHICH IS QUITE TROUBLING BECAUSE
IT COMES AT A TIME WHEN
SCIENTISTS ARE SAYING WE'VE GOT
TO RATCHET DOWN THESE GREENHOUSE
GAS EMISSIONS REALLY, REALLY
FAST OR WE FACE SOME OF THE
WORST EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
AS EARLY AS 2040.
>> Sreenivasan: WHERE IS CHINA
IN TERMS OF CLEANING UP ITS
ACT?
BECAUSE THAT IS ONE OF THE
CRITICISMS THAT THE UNITED
STATES OR AT LEAST PRESIDENT
TRUMP HAS HAD.
WELL, LOOK, THESE OTHER BIG
POLLUTERS, CHINA AND INDIA, THEY
ARE GOING TO KEEP SPEWING THE
STUFF.
WE SHOULDN'T BE HAVING TO MAKE
CONCESSIONS UNILATERALLY.
>> SO, THE WAY THE PARIS DEAL
WORKS EVERY COUNTRY SETS ITS OWN
TARGETS.
EVERY COUNTRY SAYS WE ARE GOING
TO RATCHET DOWN EMISSIONS BY
THIS MUCH BY THIS DATE.
NOW, WHERE ALL THE COUNTRIES
STAND RIGHT NOW, EVEN IF THEY DO
EVERYTHING THAT THEY HAVE
PROMISED AND THEY'RE NOT
ANYWHERE CLOSE TO DOING THAT,
IT'S STILL NOT ENOUGH TO BRING
DOWN GLOBAL TEMPERATURES, RIGHT?
SO, WHERE DOES CHINA STAND?
CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES
TOGETHER ACCOUNT FOR 40% OF
GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS.
SO IF THE WORLD AS A WHOLE IS TO
TURN YOU NEED TO SEE ACTION ON
THE PART OF THESE TWO COUNTRIES.
THE UNITED STATES IS NOWHERE
CLOSE TO MEETING ITS TARGETS
PRESENTLY.
ALTHOUGH IT SHOULD BE SAID THAT
A LOT OF CITIES AND STATES AND
COMPANIES AROUND THE UNITED
STATES ARE MAKING EFFORT.
THEY'RE SAYING THEIR SLOGAN IS
"WE'RE STILL IN."
LIKE WE'RE STILL IN THE PARIS
DEAL.
WHERE IS CHINA AT THE MOMENT?
AS FAR AS WE CAN TELL, CHINA'S
EMISSIONS WENT UP, RIGHT, THIS
YEAR AND LAST YEAR.
BUT CHINA IS ON TRACK TO MEET
ITS OWN TARGETS.
CHINA IS HAVING A HARD TIME
GETTING OUT OF COAL.
IT WAS SUPPOSED TO SHUT DOWN A
LOT OF COAL FIRED POWER PLANTS,
BUT THAT'S PROVING TO BE
DIFFICULT.
AT HOME, MUCH MORE WORRYING,
CHINA IS DEVELOPING AND FUNDING
COAL FIRED POWER PLANTS ALL OVER
THE WORLD.
I WENT TO THE SITE OF ONE IN
KENYA EARLIER THIS YEAR, I JUST
CAME BACK FROM VIETNAM WHERE
CHINA AS WELL AS JAPAN ARE
BUILDING POWER PLANTS, COAL
FIRED POWER PLANTS.
SO, IN SOME WAYS, IT'S WORTH
WATCHING WHAT IS CHINA DOING
AT HOME, BUT ITS ALSO WORTH
WATCHING WHAT IS CHINA DOING ALL
OVER THE WORLD.
>> Sreenivasan: ALRIGHT, SOMINI
SENGUPTA OF "THE NEW YORK
TIMES," THANKS SO MUCH.
>> THANK YOU.
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