Thứ Bảy, 29 tháng 12, 2018

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Please raise your right hand.

Do you promise to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth?

Yes I do.

Put down your hand.

What did you promise?

I promise to tell the truth.

Please sit down.

Thank you

Why are you here today?

I'm here today for my citizenship interview.

Why do you want to become an American citizen?

I want to live with my family. I want freedom.

Good.

Please show me your Green Card, your driver's license or a photo ID. Thank you.

Explain how you are eligible to become a US citizen.

I have been legal permanent resident for five years.

Five years? Good.

What is your current legal name?

My current legal name is Huong Thi Thu Nguyen.

Is your current legal name the same as the name on your Green Card?

Yes, they are the same.

What is your date of birth?

My date of birth is February 3, 1966.

What is your country of birth?

Vietnam

What is your country of nationality?

Vietnam

What is your date of permanent residence?

October 20, 2013.

What was your port of entry?

San Francisco

Good.

Do you live in San Jose or Milpitas?

Yes, I live in Milpitas.

Do you have another address? Do you have a previous home address?

I live (at) only one address.

How do you support yourself financially?

Yes, I work.

You work?

Where do you work?

I work in Home Support.

I take care of my son.

You take care of your son?

Oh yes, your son has a problem with his back?

Yes.

Have you taken any trips outside of the United States in the past 5 years?

No I haven't

How many total days were you outside of the United States?

No.

Tell me about your last trip--Oh! No trips--I'm sorry!

No trips.

What is your marital status?

Yes I'm married.

Is your husband a US citizen?

No he isn't.

When and where (did your husband become a citizen?) (WRONG QUESTION)

Excuse me. My mistake.

Do you have any children?

Yes, I have two children.

Tell me about your first child (who) you have.

My daughter is Phuong Ngo. My son is Phuc Ngo.

How old is your daughter?

She is 25.

How old is your son?

My son is 17.

17 years?

Are they born in Vietnam or in the United States?

Yes, they were born in the Vietnam.

Have you ever claimed to be a US citizen?

No, I haven't.

Have you ever voted in the United States?

No, I haven't.

Do you pay your taxes every year?

Yes, I pay taxes every year.

Do you belong to any groups or organizations?

No.

Have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?

No

Have you ever been a terrorist?

No, I haven't.

Have you ever sold or given weapons to another person?

No

Did you serve in your country's armed forces?

No

Have you ever been arrested or committed a crime?

No

Have you ever been a habitual drunkard?

No

Have you ever sold or smuggled illegal drugs?

No

Have you ever been deported?

No

Do you support the Constitution and the form of government of the United States?

Yes, I do.

Are you willing to take the full Oath of Allegiance to the United States?

Yes, I am.

If the law requires it, are you willing to bear arms for the United States?

Yes, I am.

Really? What is bear arms?

Bear arms is to carry a gun (to) protect the US government.

Are you willing to perform noncombatant duties in the United States?

Yes I am.

What is noncombatant?

I will help the US without using a gun.

Are you willing to help the government during a national emergency?

Yes, I am.

Do you promise that everything you said is true?

Yes, I promise.

Very good.

Now let me ask you some questions for Citizenship. Are you okay?

Can you name two national holidays?

Thanksgiving and Christmas Day.

What is the Constitution?

The supreme law of the land.

What is the rule of law?

Everyone must follow THE law.

The United States...let me think about ...

Where is the Statue of Liberty located?

New York Harbor

What are the two Houses, sorry--

What are the two parts of Congress?

The Senate and the House of Representatives

What movement tried to stop (end) racial discrimination?

the civil rights movement

Name two cabinet-level positions?

The Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of State

The Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of State

What important things did Abraham Lincoln do?

Freed the slaves

Slaves

Let's continue: on ...

What does the judicial branch?

Explain the laws

Explain the law

Name one important thing that Benjamin Franklin did.

US Diplomat

What are two rights that everyone has in the United States?

Freedom of Assembly, Freedom of Speech

Speech

Giỏi!

uscitizenpod.com

For more infomation >> Huong's Third US Citizenship Interview - Duration: 7:36.

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With President Donald Trump, US Moves Away From Working With Allies | Morning Joe | MSNBC - Duration: 16:17.

For more infomation >> With President Donald Trump, US Moves Away From Working With Allies | Morning Joe | MSNBC - Duration: 16:17.

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Can The President of the United States Go To Jail? - Duration: 6:55.

"America is great because she is good.

If America ceases to be good, America will cease to be great," wrote French political

scientist Alexis de Tocqueville in his 1835 book, "Democracy in America".

The USA, he believed, offered equality that was not seen in other nations.

The founding fathers of the U.S. had created a form of ruling that was not able to be tyrannical,

that was chosen by the people and served the people, and if it failed to do so it would

be removed.

This America was a long way from absolute monarchies and from authoritarian government

presided over by powerful dictators.

It was supposed to embody what Thomas Jefferson wrote in the U.S Declaration of Independence,

that, "all men are created equal."

With that in mind, welcome to this episode of the Infographics Show, Can a U.S. President

Go to Jail?

If all men are created equal, perhaps that means that all men should be treated as equals

when it comes to matters of justice.

That's why there are laws, and no people in a democracy should be immune to punishment.

We could argue that the scales of justice do seem to be tipped in favor of those that

have more money, to avoid close scrutiny by law enforcement or to hire brilliant legal

teams to perhaps undo wrongdoings.

Notwithstanding the sometimes mindboggling chicanery a very wealthy person might employ

to get them out of trouble, everyone in the USA should be answerable to the same laws.

This must mean an American president can surely go to jail, or prison.

Just so you know, jail and prison are sometimes interchangeable words, but in the USA, jail

is usually the place you go to for a short stint before you have a court hearing or you're

just serving a very short sentence.

Prison is the place you go to after you've been convicted of a crime.

Ok, so first of all, a "What If" question.

What if a U.S. President lost his mind and ran out of the White House stark naked and

then started plunging a recently-procured White House kitchen knife into astounded tourists?

Could that President be charged and convicted of a number of crimes, say, attempted murder,

murder, and perhaps public indecency.

It's not all that simple.

When the writers of the constitution drafted their timeless piece, they had to think of

what would happen if a president went off the rails and committed a crime, or crimes.

Such wrongdoing, they said, might be "Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and misdemeanors."

If that should happen, they said, first there would be impeachment by the House of Representatives

and then it would be up to the Senate to convict the wrongdoer.

What this could mean is while the president is still in power, he can't be indicted,

meaning the cops couldn't just turn up outside the White House, taser the wayward leader,

and detain him in one the city's finest jails until he had his day in court.

He first would have to be impeached and then removed from office.

That would take some time.

After he has been removed, according to the constitution, he, or she, will "be liable

and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law."

But it is complicated.

If we look at the crime we described, it is perhaps too unbelievable to even discuss.

But would he be prosecuted if it happened?

One professor at Yale wrote this, "The framers implicitly immunized a sitting president from

ordinary criminal prosecution."

So again, he would have to be impeached first.

We don't really know what would happen in this case; perhaps an assumed enemy would

be blamed for somehow being able to control the mind of the president.

We can safely say the President would be removed from active duties, although somewhere along

the proceedings the public would be told something nefarious had happened.

He'd probably be judged insane as a result of dark outside influences.

We really don't know, and unfortunately no sources online have discussed the possibility

of such a heinous crime.

But this is an extreme case, so let's look at something more down-to-Earth.

If we look at what was called high crime, that's different.

High crimes are usually things like perjury, bribery, abuse of power.

These things we certainly can imagine a president doing.

According to U.S. legal scholar, Ronald Rotunda, if the President committed one of these high

crimes, he'd face the law.

Rotunda wrote, while investigating former President Clinton, "It is proper, constitutional,

and legal for a federal grand jury to indict a sitting president for serious criminal acts

that are not part of, and are contrary to, the president's official duties.

In this country, no one, even President Clinton, is above the law."

Still, others disagree.

Time magazine in 2018 featured a story written by the former principal lawyer for Vice President

Spiro Agnew.

He wrote, "An imperial Presidency was the worst fear of the Founders."

As we said, the founders knew tyranny was always bound to happen when one person, or

group, had too much power and attendant impunity.

The constitution had to preclude that this tyranny, or corruption, never could happen.

The writer states again that first the president would have to be impeached, then removed,

and he would then possibly face prison.

It's just never happened.

The Atlantic also wrote a story in 2018, asking if a sitting president could be indicted.

That writer said there was no clear answer.

He decided to ask the question to six well-known legal scholars, regarding if a sitting president

could be indicted.

Four answered.

Three said no and one said yes.

The writer turned to academics, and many answers came back, some saying that indicting a president

would just be too disruptive.

Another disagreed, saying the constitution was written so that such a disruption, when

needed, could occur.

Another said that no expert can answer the question, stating that one could only have

an opinion on this matter.

There is no airtight legal framework that can guarantee an answer.

We apologize that we can't ascertain a clear answer to the question in this show, but it

seems there is nobody out there who knows.

The constitution was written so that a president could face the law as you and I do, but while

in office it would seem that indicting a president would be very hard to do.

That seems wrong to some, because if the founders had wanted to give immunity to presidents,

that would have explicitly been written into the constitution.

Perhaps the constitution should have some small print where it says, "All men are

created equal."

In that small print we can read, "Subject to change without notice.

Not applicable outside of warranty."

Is that too cynical?

What do you think about all this?

Tell us in the comments.

Also, be sure to check out our other show The President's Escape Plan If The US Is Attacked.

Thanks for watching, and as always, don't forget to like, share and subscribe.

See you next time.

For more infomation >> Can The President of the United States Go To Jail? - Duration: 6:55.

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MIGRANT CARAVAN LATEST NEWS TODAY Dec 28, 18 . caravan migrants breaching US border - Duration: 11:40.

For more infomation >> MIGRANT CARAVAN LATEST NEWS TODAY Dec 28, 18 . caravan migrants breaching US border - Duration: 11:40.

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List of worker deaths in United States labor disputes | Wikipedia audio article - Duration: 2:18.

For more infomation >> List of worker deaths in United States labor disputes | Wikipedia audio article - Duration: 2:18.

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Partial US government shutdown to drag into next week - Duration: 1:53.

For more infomation >> Partial US government shutdown to drag into next week - Duration: 1:53.

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Angelina Jolie hints she could run for US President - Duration: 6:06.

 Angelina Jolie today hinted she could run for US President

 The Oscar-winner and campaigner dropped the heavy suggestion as Democrat hopefuls prepare to unveil themselves throughout 2019

 The Tomb Raider star was asked by BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "I'm not necessarily getting you to run for president on the programme but are you moving in a direction of politics?"  She replied: "You know, honestly, if you asked me 20 years ago I would have laughed

 "I really don't know. I always say I'll go where I'm needed

I don't know if I'm fit for politics

"  In an apparent reference to her split from Brad Pitt she added: "But then I've also joked I don't know if I have a skeleton left in my closet

So I'm pretty open and out there

 "I can take a lot on the chin so that's good

But I honestly will do whatever I think can really make change

"  . Eagle-eyed British photographer unearths President Trump's secret trip to Iraq  But currently there is a wide open field for hopefuls to take the Democratic nomination - which in 2016 was seized by Hillary Clinton

 Socialist Bernie Sanders, who Ms Clinton beat to the nomination in 2016, and former Vice President Joe Biden are among those expressing interest

 The US has a history of film and TV stars taking office, from Ronald Reagan to Apprentice star President Trump

 Tomb Raider star Ms Jolie last night said she hoped to "bring people together" during a turn as a guest editor on Radio 4's Today programme

 The Hollywood actress, 43, took the reins of the BBC show this morning

 The mother-of-six and campaigner said: "For me the biggest challenge I have had in my work is trying to understand how all the pieces come together

 "And with the state of the world we are all living in, with so much instability and the numbers rising on refugees, we're at 68 million people displaced, and with all the many, many things your audience is aware of, how do we get to the core of what is happening and who are the different people that are offering solutions"

 Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt was set to talk about the government's Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative (PSVI)

 US General Curtis Scaparrotti, Chinese artist Ai Weiwei and former Chilean president Michelle Bachelet were also due to feature

 Veteran broadcaster David Dimbleby, who this month stepped down as the host of Question Time after 25 years, was the first of this year's guest editors

 Blogger Chidera Eggerue, also known as the Slumflower and historian Andrew Roberts are among the guests to follow after Jolie

 Previous guest editors over the years have included Prince Harry, Sir Lenny Henry and Sir Richard Branson

Latest UK politics news

For more infomation >> Angelina Jolie hints she could run for US President - Duration: 6:06.

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Celebrating Tribal Early Childhood Language Revitalization Efforts Across the United States - Duration: 1:42:08.

>> MELODY: All right, day-own-day-baht-tsahn. Good

morning. Good afternoon everyone.

Welcome to our webinar on Celebrating

Tribal

Early Childhood Language Revitalization

Efforts Across the United States. So I'm

going to go ahead and go over some

logistical items before we get started.

First, this webinar is being recorded for

future reference. Next, all of the phone

and audio lines will be muted to reduce

background noise. And if you wish to ask

a question, please press star six to

unmute your line. And we also have some

resources set up for you to explore on

the left-hand side of the screen. You'll

see a box that says links to resources

and below it a box that says resources to download. So feel free to explore

those resources as we go through our presentation today. So with that let's

get started. Ah-koh. This webinar today is made

possible through the collaboration among the many partners that you see here,

including the National Center in the Early Childhood Training and Technical

Assistance System. As well as the Administration for Native Americans, the

American Indian and Alaska Native Head Start Collaboration Office, the

Region XI AI/AN Training and Technical Assistance team, and the Tribal Early

Childhood Research Center. During the presentation today, you'll hear from

representatives of all of the partners that you saw on that previous slide. And

all of the presenters you'll hear from today are open to taking questions so

feel free to ask your questions using the chat box or to press star six to

unmute your line and ask question. I'm hearing a little bit of an

echo so I'm gonna ask everyone to eliminate the echo when you unmute your

line. Make sure that you also mute or turn down your computer speakers all the

way and only connect through your phone line and that usually helps the echo

disappear. All right, sounds much better. Again, all of the phone lines are muted

and you just need to press star six to unmute your line so we can hear you with

any questions that you have. So just wanted to mention that we are especially

pleased today to welcome our Tribal CCDF grantee spotlight presenters Marie

Clairmont of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe and our AI/AN Head Start grantee spotlight

presenter Jim Parrish of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma. Our goal today is to

raise awareness of the tribal and national activities that are occurring

across the country as tribal nations work to revitalize their traditional

languages. And we look forward to sharing ideas and resources and perhaps even

inspirations with you today.

So first, we're going to hear from the Administration for Children and Families

for welcoming remarks. Next, we'll highlight some national level efforts

that support tribal language revitalization. Then we will share tribal,

state, and local initiatives, including our Tribal CCDF and Tribal Head Start

grantee spotlights. And finally, we will share some highlights on current

research and resources for tribal language revitalization. So before we get

started we have an activity for you. So we're curious as to who we have

represented here in this virtual webinar room, and so we'd like to make a Word Cloud

together. Some of you may be familiar with the Word Cloud and we have a

question for you so the question is: What is the language

traditionally spoken by your tribe? So in order to answer this question, we invite

you to share your response with us by typing into the text box that will

appear in the center of your screen. And as you type your response, the word you

type will appear on the screen. And as more people respond, you'll see more

words appear in different colors and different sizes. The larger a word is, the

more times that word is represented in the responses. So in just a moment here

we will get our Word Cloud up for you all to start entering in to.

>> LORRAINE: Hello my name is Lorraine David. I'm with the Fairbanks Native Association

Indigenous Language Project and Servings, and I'm participating on the phone.

So the language I have is the Denaakk'e.

D. E. N. A. A. K. K. Glottal. E. It's the Koyukon Athabascan language. >> MELODY: Wonderful.

Thank you so much. We really appreciate you being here.

Do you mind spelling that again so I can capture that in the chat box so everyone

else can see it? >> LORRAINE: That's D as in David. E. N as in Nancy.

A. A. KK as in kite. And like a hyphen and then E.

Denaakk'e. >> MELODY: Wonderful. Thank you so much. All right so in just a moment you should see

on your screen...

All right and I see we have some people sharing so thank you. Do we have anyone

else on the line that's on listen-only or audio only who would like to share

their language? And again, the phone lines are muted so if you would like to share

feel free, but just remember to press star six on your audio line and then

we'll be able to hear you.

Wonderful. We'll give everyone another couple moments to enter their responses.

And quickly again just wanted to offer the opportunity for anyone who is

on audio only just press star six and we'd love to hear the languages

represented as well. >> DALLAS: Hello everyone, this is Dallas Nelson. I'm with the Thunder

Valley CDC in Pine Ridge South Dakota. The language we represent is Lakota.

L. A. K. O. T. A. Thank you. >> MELODY: Wonderful. Welcome. Thank you so much for being here.

All right. Well, I appreciate everyone participating in our little intro

activity. We're going to go ahead and switch us back so you'll be able to see

the presentation slides again. All right, I just really appreciate all of you for

participating. It's such an amazing honor to be surrounded by so many of our

tribal nations here and to see so many languages represented. And so thank you. Ah hoh.

Thank you everyone for participating. So now with that to get us started we're

going to turn this over to the Administration for Children and Families.

We have Jennifer Amaya-Thompson and Brian Richmond who will get us started

today.

And don't forget to press star six to unmute your audio line. >> JENNIFER: Thank you Melody.

Can you hear me? >> MELODY: Yes, there you are Jennifer. Thank you.

>> JENNIFER: Perfect. Good afternoon everyone. I'm excited to be with all of you today.

November is Native American Heritage Month. We're honored to celebrate tribal

early childhood efforts that support language revitalization across the

United States. My name is Jennifer Amaya- Thompson I am the content lead for

culture and language at the Office of Head Start in the Division of Comprehensive

Services and Training and Technical Assistance at the Administration for

Children and Families. The Office of Head Start, since the inception of Head Start

and Early Head Start programs, has supported a cultural and linguistic

diversity of the families and children in it's programs. Just like the United

States population at large, Head Start families represent an

increasing diversity. For background purposes there are twelve regions for

federal management of all of Head Start. Ten of which are geographically based. The

two order are defined by the populations served.

Region XI are children and families operated by federally recognized

American Indian and Alaska Native tribes. There are a 147 AI/AN

Head Start and 72 Early Head Start programs across the United States. These

programs serve approximately 20,000 children the majority of whom are tribal

children and their families. Head Start commitment to support culturally and

linguistic responsive practices are embedded in the Head Start program performance

standards, which support the efforts of American Indian in Alaska Native program

to incorporate tribal language into the children services. In the most

current standards released in 2016, a new education extender explicitly supports

tribal language revitalization, preservation, or maintenance. The Office

of Head Start continues to reaffirm its ongoing commitment and support for

tribal language revitalization. We know the language and culture are essential

to children's identity and development and supports school readiness.

The Office of Head Start recognizes that tribal language revitalisation is a

complex and a long-term process that can bring immense rewards to children

their families and communities. In planning today's webinar, I have the

honor to work with multiple national, state, and local partners who are highly

committed to ensure that throughout today's presentation we highlighted and

reaffirm the value of tribal language preservation and revitalization efforts

that are underway in the field across early childhood programs. Today's webinar

is an example of effective cross-agency collaborations that energize the TA

networks to strengthen our efforts and support

tribal language. As Melody mentioned, we have about an hour and a half to

increase awareness, learn about tribal practitioners, build understanding of

research and resources that highlight the impact of learning tribal language,

and identify additional areas of interest for short learning and support

tribal language revitalization efforts. I know we can do it. We hope you enjoyed

today's presentation and continue to join our efforts to support the value of

maintaining tribal cultural and linguistic heritage. Before I end my

remarks and introduce you to my colleague Brian Richmond from the Office

of Child Care, I also wanted to thank all of you who are participating in today's

webinar. For your ongoing efforts, your daily commitment, and your passion to

provide high quality services to American Indian, Native Alaskan, and many

other tribal children and families and their Native communities. Once again,

thank you so much and Brian. >> BRIAN: Thank you Jennifer. Anpetu wast'e, boozhoo, ya't'eeh.

Greetings to all. Especially our American Indian/Alaska

Native grantees who represent some of the more than 296

distinct native languages spoken in North America. My name is Brian Richmond

and I work in the Office of Child Care Technical Assistance division to support

our National Center on Tribal Early Childhood Development. And as many of you

may know the Office of Child Care supports language and culture through

our guiding legislation the CCDBG Act, and within the Act under

activities to improve the quality of child care. It promotes providing training

and outreach on engaging parents and families in culturally and

linguistically appropriate ways. To expand their knowledge, skills, and

capacity to become meaningful partners and supporting their child's positive

development. When the Office of Child Care developed a Final Rule to clarify

guidelines for the Act it emphasizes that the share of funds

directed towards quality improvement activities be gradually increase over

the next five years. And now is the perfect opportunity to invest in

enhancing language and cultural programs as many CCDF American Indian/Alaska

Native grantees have received more than double their normal grant funding. And

some of those funds can be spent on activities to improve the quality of

child care, including promotion of language and culture. And to support

language and cultural activities, it is important that we collaborate and share

resources available to us. This may include networking with partners in

early childhood development programs and tribal colleges and universities to see

if there already exists available language curriculum and/or with native

speakers if curriculum needs to be developed. We can also use resources

offered by our partners at the Administration for Native Americans who

support language immersion and revitalization programs. And now without

further ado, I'd like to introduce my colleague Michelle Sauve,

Intergovernmental Affairs Specialist with the Administration for Native

Americans. Who will share with us some important information on legislation and

funding opportunities to support native languages. Michelle. >> MICHELLE: Say-koh iss-kinee-goh-gawn.

Good afternoon or good morning everyone depending on where you are. I'm

delighted to be here today on behalf of the Administration for Native Americans.

We support the goal of social and economic self-sufficiency for Native

communities. Our primary activity that we do to support those efforts is

to provide grants. I want to focus a little bit on our native language work

both legislative and grants today. The Native American Languages Act of 1990

really set the foundation for the federal support of Native

American languages. Reversing the history of sort of outlying and discouraging

tribes from teaching their languages. More recent laws, such as the

Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary School Act or ESSA added a

report on native language medium education from the Department of

Education, as well as an immersion grant from the Office of Indian Education

called Native American Languages at ED. There's also been some proposed

reauthorization of the Esther Martinez Native American Language Preservation

Act of 2006. Many of you may be familiar with the Esther Martinez Act because it

funds language nests, which for our purposes at ANA are immersion programs for

children ages 0 to 7. Some of the key changes in the legislation proposed

would include allowing grant funding for up to 5 years instead of the current

3 year limit, and allowing smaller class sizes. Also, on the national level

the Commissioner for the Administration for Native Americans, Jeannie Hovland,

recently testified with leading native language advocates at a hearing held by

the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs in August of this year. So national level

interest in supporting native languages remains strong. The Administration for

Native Americans remains the primary funder for native language projects.

Supporting about 12 million dollars each year. The next round of ANA's funding will

be open in the winter as early as December of 2018. So keep a look out for

that. Grants for the next funding cycle will be awarded on or about August 20, 2019.

Funding for native languages has also seen some modest increases from other federal

sources that I want to make sure you are aware of. There's been more funding and

support at the Bureau of Indian Education in the fiscal year 2018 budget.

And this is key for those of you who transition your Head Start or child care

center kids into BIE schools. Coming up very shortly,

the deadline for the Documenting Endangered Languages Grant, which is

joint funding between the National Science Foundation and the National

Endowment for Humanities. Will close November 18th is their deadline for this

year and you can use that funding for data management, archiving, and fieldwork,

such as the digital documentation of your languages. I want to give you a

heads up that next year's funding deadline for the documenting endangered

languages will be a little earlier. It'll be September 16th of next year. So if

this year's too late notice for you. Start planning for next year's

application. Also, the National Endowment for Humanities had a challenge grant

that was awarded to the First Nations Development Institute. This is funding

for native immersion projects and it's year two of three of the funding they

have available. And the grant application is currently open and applications are

due December 18th. So you can find more information about these topics at our

ANA website by looking at the First Nations Development Institute

or the Documenting Endangered Languages Program. There's a lot more happening to

support native languages across the federal government, and as the different

opportunities come up, it's more critical than ever that we continue to coordinate

so that we can leverage these opportunities and not duplicate efforts.

To this end, the Native Language Memorandum Agreement between the Health

and Human Services US Department of Education and the Department of Interior,

which was first signed in 2012, was recently updated and resigned September

23rd 2018 under the current administration. As part of this

Memorandum of Agreement, the three agencies have co-hosted five national

language summits, and we're beginning to plan one for 2019. There are many native

language resources available from the Administration for Native Americans. For

example, if you want ideas for projects we have two native language project

compendium on our site. They provide a good overview of

those previously funded projects. We also have a native language program brief

that highlights some of the trends and outcomes of our grants from 2011 through

2012. We also have several recorded webinars, which you'll hear about later

on on this webinar. And we have a couple new webinars that have been produced by

a new TA Center funded by ANA: the Native Language Community Coordination. We

encourage you to check out these resources. You can see the URLs on your

slide both from ANA and the Native Language Community Coordination on

ANANLCC.org. We'll be seeking to identify new resources and bring them together in

one central location so stay tuned for more information on that. And feel free

to check back on the ANA website often. I now want to turn it over to Mike

Richardson, the National American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start

Collaboration Office director for some updates from the collaboration office. Mike.

>> MIKE: Michelle wil tahk nah peel a hohk. Thank you for that Michelle. Nah-kee-ah mee-chahm kay hoh mah soo-pah kil ah mah jaw-kee peel ah wah soo mi kil ah ki wah.

Mike Richardson mi kil ah ki wah. My name is Mike

Richardson. Welcome everybody here. I'm so honored to be here and take part

in today's talks. Joanna Whitaker would be joining me on this as well.

There's been so much interest in our tribal languages and cultures. It is such an

honor to be a part of supporting language revitalization throughout our

tribal nations to sustain and revitalize our languages and culture. Our first and

foremost thought is to always listen to what tribe is asking for,

and then look at ways to make it happen. Just a little bit about the role of the

Collaboration Office and language revitalization, we work for the Office of

Head Start Region XI American and Alaska Native Tribal programs. Even though we

work to network, advocate, and find resources to make positive impacts in

0-5 tribal children's lives in all areas. Language and culture maintenance and

revitalization is the foundation for the work that we do. This is what

makes our tribal programs so unique. We've had to honor work with many tribes

across the country from a few words spoken to full immersion programs.

Working with such wonderful programs, as Lana Garcia and Kevin Shendo at Jemez

Pueblo of New Mexico; Brooke Amis and Jason Chandler at Waadookodaading

Ojibwe Language Immersion School; Lac Court Oreilles in Wisconsin; work

of Daryl Rhodes Kipp at the Piegan Institute in Blackfeet, Montana. Those

are just to name a few. As well, as working with in partner with Christine

Sims from University of Mexico Department of Education Language Culture.

Dr. Marie Lynn for an Estonian curator of cultural linguistic revitalization. As

well as Michelle who just left off the Administration for Native Americans.

Namaqua Rollins from the Punana Leo

Immersion Schools in Hilo Hawaii, which you'll hear more about from Lisa after

this presentation. Some of our best resources and knowledge has come from

the tribal programs themselves. And as we move across tribal nations, we look

to see what's working and what's not working. How can we take those resources

and help other programs with them. Or to look at ways in obstacles that may be

there and try to find ways, to find new ways to work better to make this a

more sustainable programs for all of our tribal programs. And we are happy to say

that several regulations and new Head Start regulations have been changed or

adapted to better support the language and our Head Start programs so this

gives the tribes a lot more flexibilities that are part of Head Start.

To be able to move forward with stronger language programs that's based on the

language and culture, and adapt in their curriculum to support and work with it.

I do want to talk a little bit about some of the work we've done. Some of the

biggest things in language has been in our language summits that we've done in

several states. We'll talk a little bit about Washington, which has been an

amazing experience with so much interest in language revitalization in Washington

State. This was a collaborative partnership by

the Head Start Washington Collaboration Office, the Washington

Tribal Early Childhood Liaison Office with the Washington Department of

Education, and tribes from all over Washington State, all coming together to

support language for all early childhood up in the state. With Alaska and Oregon

also being represented. Not just Head Start, but also Indian Child Care

programs there. Any of the programs that had language, we had them there. From the

school systems, from different organizations that came in, and it was

just a wonderful experience. We were the lead organizers [inaudible],

which allowed tribes from all over the state to come together and look at ways

and resources to help develop and sustain language endeavors. The first

year in 2017, the Puyallup Tribe host it. And it was followed the year after about

a [inaudible] this year, and they are currently... and, it has worked so well, they're

currently working on a third one, which would be hosted by the Lummi Tribe in

May of 2019. It's just been a wonderful experience and it's been so much

motivation and passion to make this better each year. And each year the

numbers have continued to grow on participants and we are so excited to

see this grow year after year. To have so many passionate people come together to

help and support each other in their language endeavors, and we see Washington

state just continue to grow in this area. Helping each other working through

things. Finding ways they could support each other. Looking at ways to bring in

additional resources that they may not have known about, but someone else did and

just all working together, not only at the state level, but also nationally by

working with us and ANA and other programs throughout so that we can help

them, support them to move forward. Another state that we've done is Montana.

A lot like Washington State, we looked at the programs there. They have heard

about what happened in Washington, and they wanted us to do the same thing in

Montana. So we saw the very first early

childhood tribal language summit, which was hosted by the Salish Kootenai

College on the Flathead Reservation, Montana in June of this year. And there

was a representation from all seven tribes and all seven tribal colleges, but

education and language departments coming together, in some cases, this is

the very first time some of these departments have sat down together. The

different tribes shared what was working, what was not working in their language

programs. We looked at ways to produce sustainable language programs. That's

with the Washington State Summit. This is collaboration of all the parties mission

there, from the state level, as well as the tribal and ecologists. But we also

added a third day to look at bringing back native

traditional games back into the classrooms and playgrounds. We look at

that as, you know, we have our tribal children having their tribal games as

being a part of their heritage and tradition.

Should be in their classrooms as much as possible. So we looked at that and

using the language and the cultures as the foundation to build everything around.

And a plan is already in place to have the second one around June 2019. So we are

looking forward for these. Both of these states to continue to grow. Just continue

to get better and to continue to support each other throughout these endeavors. We

already have requested for future language summits. We started talks in

Minnesota, Wisconsin, and in New Mexico. What possibility of combining Minnesota and

Wisconsin together. And we would love to see this happen in all of our multi

tribal states. Where all the tribes in that state can come together and sit

down. All tribes in multiple states come together. I know that Jennifer Amaya

Thompson talked to me about doing a national one. In that level as

well. As I know we work very close with ANA on their national language

trainings that they do. So we're looking to get this across the country and to

improve to where things can be sustainable. Not just start, but sustain

language throughout. And at this time I'll let Joanna come in and talk about

the MyPeers Network, Joanna. >> JOANNA: Thank you Mike. And hello everyone. This is Joanna

Whitaker, and I'll be sharing with you a quick overview of the AI/AN language and

culture community on MyPeers. So a little over two years ago, the Office of

Head Start created a Virtual Learning Network called MyPeers and our

collaboration office decided to take advantage of this opportunity and create

a space where individuals implementing language and culture programs could

exchange ideas and share resources, and also celebrate successes, which is so

important because everybody needs encouragement as they take part in this

work. So in regards to what is available, first of all both child care grantees and

Head Start grantees can be a part of this community. It is open to everyone. So

we have both sides sharing their resources and projects with each other.

What's available in the network? It's a place where people can come and learn

about funding and training opportunities related to tribal language development.

Michelle just went through several different funding opportunities that are

available at the national level. And also, we have resources to help make you be

successful in that process, such as the ANA grant application toolkit. You'll be

able to find that there so you can possibly win that funding. One of the

main and most important parts is you can read about other Head Start programs and

child care programs, and what they're doing in their work and language and

cultural revitalization. And that's one of the best parts of our community. We've

had Monique Paulson from Leech-Lake Head

Start share what she was doing with her summer focused classrooms.

Aleutian Pribilofs Head Start shared their traditional foods curriculum, which

they spent a lot of effort creating. And wanted to make that a part of what...

Wanted to share that with others so that they could also do those type of

activities. And we've also had other tribes share language assessment tools

and we also have other tools available to assist with project implementation,

such as creating a mission and vision for yourself.

A Gantt chart that helps you create a timeline on what's best to take and

begin your actual creation of language and culture program. And also, we have

research articles available on brain development, and also, in regards to the

benefits of heritage language learning. So it's a wonderful community to become a

part of, and just to learn about what's going on nationwide in this area. And

there are some of the things you're doing and get some encouragement from

others who are a part of our community. On this Friday, we'll have a live chat at

1 p.m. Eastern Standard Time to continue this conversation from this webinar, and

there'll be instructions on how to join MyPeers later on in the presentation.

So I look forward to seeing all of you there, and now I'll pass this on to

Mike to touch quickly on national regional conference work we do as an

office. >> MIKE: Joanna mi tahk say ah pee lohp. Thank you so much. Oh our national regional

conferences we knew the language summits, which is kind of a small part of what we

do. We try to get word out and work with every program that we possibly can

across the country. We [inaudible] present at the

National Indian Head Start Head Start Directors Association. There are

conferences in June. The Southwest Consortium. The Northwest at

NIEA. Just spoke at NIA our language revitalisation. We work with Office of Head Start.

We worked with Indigenous Language Institute, Smithsonian Language Symposium,

Smithsonian linguistical Society, these are all groups that we work with or spoken

at via presentations with. And we're continuing to do this, because we want

not only for our tribal programs to be able to get as much support as

possible, it also increases that network. And when we work with the linguist it's

getting us to understand that we're doing this from a traditional way of

doing things, and not so much from the linguistic way of doing things. But we

can find ways to work together to support each other to make things better

and more sustainable. We provide guidance and resource

networks to enhance our programs at all levels. With the goal of having all

tribal languages spoken in all of our programs. The last week of this month we

would have a three day training in Albuquerque for Tribal Head Start

programs. With one day being dedicated to language. And we're really pushing

throughout everything that we do, we're really pushing language conversation.

This is what we want for our children is to have them conversational in the

language, and you know we talked a lot about about our partners and everything

else, and like what the Hawaiian group and a lot of the other ones. And Lisa

Ojibway, who's about to follow me and she's going to talk a little bit more in

detail about how some of those partnerships work. And at this time I'm

going to pass it on to my colleague Lisa Ojibway who's in the Infant/Toddler

Specialist Network in the Child Care State Capacity Building Center, Lisa.

>> LISA: Thank you Mike. Ah-nee, ahnish-ah-nah ah bah ahm indijenikah Lisa Ojibway anish nah coy ayn dow.

I'm Lisa Ojibway from the Infant

Toddler Specialist Network within the State Capacity Building Center. And we

work collaboratively with the National Center on Tribal Early Childhood

Development to support the 260 tribes that have CCDF child care programs. This

includes national and regional training and technical assistance opportunities

offered to tribes on topics, such as expanding language revitalization

efforts to reach infants and toddlers and an effort to increase the quality of

child care. For example, through a series of four sessions that were offered as an

American Indian/Alaskan Native Infant Toddler Community of Practice, which had

two cohorts of 61 participants representing 49 tribes. And currently a

state and tribe coordination Community of Practice series, which has 46

participants from 13 states and 26 tribes. So in addition to the examples

that Mike shared regarding Washington and Montana's

language summits, we also wanted to highlight a few state examples of

support for language revitalization. Though Hawaii

was one of the first champions of language revitalization, and the Kanaka

Maoli who are the indigenous people of Hawaii led the way in the 1980s with

language of revitalization efforts, which broadened and expanded to now reach

infants, toddlers, preschool, K through 12, and inspired parents to strengthen the

use of their traditional language. There are now 12

Punana Leo language math programs located throughout five islands within

the state of Hawaii. And they're the world's first accredited early education

programs conducted in an endangered and indigenous language. The accreditation

was issued by the World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium. In

addition, the sixth International Conference on Language Documentation and

Conservation is being held in Hawaii in March of 2019. Also, Montana allocated

funds to support language revitalization in a joint partnership between the state

of Montana and the eight tribal governments in the state of Montana.

State representative Jonathan Windy Boy was instrumental in this innovative

effort, which established the Montana Indian Language Preservation pilot

program so MILP3. And it was respectful of tribal sovereignty as each of the

eight tribes in Montana decided on their approach to language revitalization

efforts with their particular languages. An example in Minnesota, the Minnesota

Department of Education partnered with the Minnesota Indian Affairs Council and

worked in collaboration on the Dakota and Ojibwe Language Revitalization

Strategic Plan. Michigan in 2018 held the 24th Annual Anishinaabemowin

Language Symposium to revitalize language efforts and language immersion

programs throughout the Ojibwe Nation. And the Ojibwe language is also offered

at several of the state universities in both Michigan and Minnesota. And some

of the tribal colleges offer Ojibwe language teaching certification

programs. A couple more. In New Mexico, in 2018 held the Native Languages Symposium in

New Mexico this month in November with a focus on equity in indigenous education

and cross generational model of indigenous education with keynote

speakers and elders panel, a parent panel, a school panel, and breakout

sessions. The New Mexico CCDF leadership team also has a focus on their early

learning guidelines, and they want to enhance them so that they become more

culturally responsive for dual language learners with special attention given to

making the early learning guidelines culturally and linguistically responsive

to support the traditional languages of the Pueblo Nations within New Mexico. And

New Mexico CCDF leadership team has been very interested in supporting language

revitalization efforts and is driving to enhance these early learning guidelines.

Oklahoma, which you'll hear more about in just a little bit, has established the

Oklahoma and Native Languages Association and some Native American

Languages Summit honoring the gifts of Native American languages was held in

Oklahoma this August of 2018 for diverse stakeholders and communities

to share successes, challenges, and paths to further support tribes and

communities to strengthen their traditional native languages. So we want

to celebrate these successes and continue the momentum by sharing with

you today diverse examples and approaches, national level resources, and

the knowledge that there are several states that value your efforts and

strive to encourage tribes language revitalization and immersion programs. So

now I'd like to hand it over to Melody from the National Center on Tribal Early

Childhood Development. >> MELODY: Thank you, Lisa. Day own day baht tsahn. Kyah-kohm-bah bay tah hahdl. Gom-daw-gyah-mah ah kah

Good afternoon everyone. My name is Melody Redbird-Post and I am

the director of the National Center on Tribal Early Childhood Development, and

it's such an honor to be here and to see so many

different tribal nations represented here today. And so just to tell you a

little bit about our National Center, we support American Indian and Alaska

Native Child Care and Development Fund grantees to meet their goals regarding

implementation of the CCDF final rule, including, as Brian and Jennifer had

mentioned earlier, including ensuring that they can design and implement CCDF

and child care services that meet the needs of their children and families

within their community and tribal nations. And this also includes support

to tribes with thinking about ways that they can invest their CCDF quality funds

to support and enhance their tribal language revitalization efforts. And just so

you know, tribal language revitalization has really become a hot topic over the

past couple of years and we're seeing a lot more training and technical

assistance requests through our Center regarding the support in tribal language

revitalization and how CCDF programs might be able to support their tribes

language revitalization efforts through their CCDF in child care services. And so

with that, I just wanted to remind everyone we do have those links to

resources and so feel free to explore. We do have the link, in the links to

resources box on the left-hand side of your screen, the link to our National

Center where you will find links to all of our resources as well as contact

information. And that is why we are very honored to welcome our first grantee

spotlight here and representing the American Indian and Alaska Native CCDF

grantees, we have Marie Clairmont of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe child care

services and Lakota Language Preservation Project. So with that I'm

going to go ahead and hand it over to you Marie. >> MARIE: Good afternoon,

my name is Marie Clairmont from the Rosebud Sioux Tribe child care service

program. I will be going over the slide, Gale Spotted Tail our program director,

put together for this webinar. We are very honored to share our teachings of

our language and culture with all of you and we thank Melody, and all the

organizers, for giving us time. Gale sends greetings and apologizes for

not being able to join us today.

The photo is is a picture of Gale's great-grandmother. The wife of Chief Spotted Tail and infant.

This picture is hanging in the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C. The

significance of it is the Sioux cradleboard, the cradleboard, has many

teachings and is very important for the beginning of the life of an infant. What

you see is called a soft cradleboard. These are made in the early 1800s when

the culture of our people was still being practiced. We have a project called

a Cradleboard Project. We complete it as a part of the Gale's Advocacy Project, as

a global leader, some of you are fortunate to hear of this at the

conference in Denver in September.

History. 1995, began and incorporating language and culture into

the program by educating myself on my identity. In 1998, designed and built

a child care facility that was exclusive of culture elements.

2000, day care center offers bi-cultural and bi-lingual day care services to 6

weeks to 12 weeks of age. Fluent Lakota speakers are hired as "Lakota Educators" to

teach Lakota. In 2009 to 2018, taught song and dance to

children at day care in communities. The purpose was to establish identity, a

positive self-esteem, and a desire to want to learn Lakota. Utilize Lakota

songs because it encompasses language, history, culture, and

spirituality. They are significant sources of the culture in its

traditional content. Lakota songs record relationships. It is these

relationships that are crucial. In 2015 Certificate of Excellence Promoting

Tribal Languages and Early Childhood. 2009, Wolakota Award from Sinte

Gleska University. One selected throughout tribes. 2017,

Cradleboard project creating baby bonnet, quilts, amulets, and moccasins.

2019, provider trainings that includes adverse childhood experience training

understanding our traumas and cultural training site. Slide three. Next slide.

The Sicangu Oyate Cikala Waunspe Oti. In 1999, the RST child care service

designed/built the Sicangu Oyate

Cikala Waunspe Oti day care center/

training center with culture in the fore- front. The goal was to create a

bi-cultural, b-ilingual learning environment to use the training center

as a tool to restore traditional knowledge and to revitalize Lakota

language. Traditional knowledge and language construction will be provided

to the families of the Sicangu. Next slide.

Seven generation. In 2009, employment of the Lakota Waunspekiye for development

and training of staff, parents, and providers. Children enrolled in day

care center learning Lakota language, cultural education training, and

health and safety training. Re-educate our people in the proper techniques

of child rearing practices. Inculcate our traditional social values in

educational training of staff and providers. In 2016, at cultural

educational training, early childhood trainings, health and safety training,

Lakota language instruction, development of increased language and

cultural resources. In 2023, ongoing quality child care, and cultural

educational training, and Lakota language instruction to further develop education

for our children on the importance of our traditional views on recycling and

protecting our ecosystem. The 2030, children with family members as child

care providers, day care centers used only as a training center only. This

depicts our goal to partner with other members of our Oceti Sakowin in the

sharing of resources, early childhood training, support and guidance, and

friendship. Most importantly, to design and teach our children's unity.

You could skip that one and go to the next.

It...

The next one was on Lokata retaining culture identity and professional

development. I don't see it come up.

The next slide will say pictures of documentary called Across the Creek.

Okay, the pictures is from a documentary called Across the Creek. It's Lakota

educator, Lakota language teacher, infant and toddler, and then that was a

circle-time day care kids pictures of what is going on in the classrooms.

Next slide.

The next one is Timpsila Turnip Harvest, and the grandmother telling stories

about the Timpsila she heard from her grandma. And the other picture is a

child care provider with kids hunted and dug timpsila and made their braids.

Next slide. The next slide is on the booklet on water. And it's water. It's

called Mini Wiconi and then the other picture is a small creek and it's called

Wiwila. Next slide.

The next one is on a kinship book for children. Miye. That's me.

The booklet teaches kinship terms. The day care staff and families bring in

pictures of immediate family members living in the home of the child and make

a book. The cover is a picture of their family with the term family Tiwahe. Then

the first picture is a picture of the child. Then the mom, the dad, sisters,

brothers, and so forth. Even if they have a dog, we include their name. The idea

here is the kids learn kinship terms and how to address their family

members, as well as themselves. When each kid's kinship book was completed, the

teacher would go over their book with the child. We use PowerPoint to upload

pictures and insert the term on top. The children enjoy seeing their

family members during the day. Next slide. Resources established. Prepare tool

kids for the provider and family homes that are for the use of

language/learning, such as posters, label, stories, phrases, stories of values,

kinship charts. Preservation efforts by creating audio and video recordings of

daily conversations to help with vocabulary, sentence structure and

cultural protocols. Provide resources in the Office for Cultural Activities, such

as naming ceremonies, honoring, information of family history research

sites for design, songs, and kinship. Development of language learning

resources. Awareness on the status of the language. Use of radio/newspapers, and

social media. Create language tests for progress and use of the incentive store

for progress. Encourage family learning using games.

Lakota bingo. Simon Says. Family Feud. Partner with

local language teachers and local tribal universities. Also include elders and

historians. Incorporate all activities within the

tribal plan section on Quality Improvement Goals. And I would like to

thank you all for listening. Have a nice day. >> MELODY: Thank you so much, Marie, for sharing

all of that wonderful information and all of the activities you have going on

in your program over there. So I just wanted to say we really appreciate you

coming on and representing the CCDF grantees and with that I wanted to go

ahead and open it up to our participants here to our audience. Are there

anyone that has questions for Marie about anything that she covered today?

I'll go ahead and open it up for questions. You can type questions into

the chat box or you can go ahead and press star six to unmute your line. So

Marie, if you stay on the line for a little bit we will see if anyone has any

questions for you. >> MARIE: Okay. >> MELODY: And we do have a question from Martha Reyes. She asks if

they have access to the slide show? So yes, the slides are available and they

are posted to the website that we talked about earlier. And if you go to the links,

to resources box, and you go down to where it says webinar slides. You can

click on that and then click on browse to and it will take you there. Alright.

And do we have any questions for Marie? We have...

Let's see, we have some people typing in the chat box and again press star six to

unmute your line and ask us your question. >> MARIE: Okay, come on.

All right, just giving everyone a moment. Oh, I see. We have somebody raise their

hand so let me go ahead and see here, if we can get them unmuted. Okay, looks like

Carolyn you raised your hand. Go ahead and you should be unmuted. >> LORRAINE: Hello, this is

Lorraine David. I was wondering if I would be able to get the information from this

webinar by email? >> MELODY: Yes. yes. You certainly can.

So to get that information... let me see, the best way would probably be to... you

can either, well I'm gonna give you the email address for our National Center,

and we're going, let me see if I can, I'm going to put it in the chat box also in

case there's anyone else who wants it. So hold on just a second. Okay, are you ready?

It is. >> LORRAINE: Yes. >> MELODY: So it's the acronym for our National Center. So N. C as in

National Center and then T., E., for tribal early childhood and then C., D., for child

development so that's the National Center on Tribal Early Childhood

Development. So N. C. T. E. C. D. @ and then the last part is

ECETTA. E. C. E. and then T. T. A. Like training. >> LORRAINE: Okay yeah. >> MELODY: And

there's a dot INFO. So NCTECD@ECETTA.INFO.

So if you email that email address we can go ahead and send you the link to

the webinar slides. >> LORRAINE: Okay. >> MELODY: I appreciate it. Thank you. Thank

you so much, and we did have a couple of questions here. Sharon asked how long will you

be on the grant guessing that's for Marie. >> LORRAINE: Oh for me? For Lorraine or for Marie? >> MELODY: Oh it

that was a question for Marie. Sorry Lorraine. >> LORRAINE: Oh okay. I'm going, I'm going on mute again. >> MELODY: Okay

thank you.

All right. Sharon had a question. How long will you be on the grant? >> MARIE: I don't know at

this point. Is that with the language? >> MELODY: I

think that might be what she's asking about? >> MARIE: Okay, and I think it's, well for now

we've had the grant for like three years now. So I think it's like a, it's like a

continuance grant with the tribe, but I'm not sure. >> MELODY: All right. Well, thank you Marie.

I'm going to go ahead and move along to our next presenter. So with that I just

wanted to say Ah hoh. Thank you so much Marie for representing Rosebud Sioux

Tribe CCDF, and thank you everyone for participating and asking some questions.

And so for now I wanted to go ahead and turn it over to my colleague Carol

Bellamy who will introduce our next presenter, Carol. >> CAROL: Yes.

Thank you Melody. Good afternoon everyone. My name is Carol Bellamy and I am the

Systems Specialist for region XI AI/AN T&TA. In this role I am able to work

with many programs across the United States and one of the

first programs I went to visit as a System Specialist was the Choctaw Nation

of Oklahoma. It's my pleasure to introduce someone who is not only the

Executive Education Director of School Programs, but also the Senior Director of

the School of Choctaw Nation. Welcome Mr. Jim Parrish from Choctaw Nation of

Oklahoma.

>> MELODY: And Jim, you might need to press star six to unmute your line. Oh there you are.

>> JIM: There I am. Well haliko everyone. Sorry about that, but Joh-shi yoh ah Jim Parrish Choctaw noh

bai kahn-nah yee ah ahshi kah boh kah mee ah see-ah.

I am the director of the School of

Choctaw Language and the Education Director for the Choctaw Nation of

Oklahoma. It is a pleasure to be with you today to talk about the Choctaw Nation

revitalization efforts, which includes our Head Start. The title of my

presentation today is: Maximizing Language Teachers with Technology, and as

I look at the next slide we will see that the purpose of technology in this

session is to share with you how the Choctaw Language Department uses

technology to maximize the use of their Choctaw Language Teachers. There is a

shortage of qualified Native Language Teachers and because of this shortage

the Choctaw Nation uses technology to teach the Choctaw Language to a larger

number of people, including our Head Starts. The Choctaw Nation is located in

southeast Oklahoma and it covers approximately 11,000 square miles and

with that we have about 220 tribal citizens with only about a 110

of those tribal members living in Oklahoma. So as a Language Department, we

really reached out and said how are we going to reach more Choctow people and

teach the Choctaw Language. As we look at our revitalization efforts it is

estimated now that we have about 200 per - excuse me - 2,000 first

speakers. And we know that these revitalization efforts are important and

and time is of the essence. As we see different venues in different ways to

reach out to our tribal people. Our students in Oklahoma, our tribal members

attend the public schools so that gives us an opportunity of being there

to teach the language, and I'll tell you about that in just a little bit. With our

department at the Choctaw Nation, our Language Department started in 1997 with

one person and today we have, we employ 28 people, which includes 18 tribal and

certified teachers by the state of Oklahoma. So our Language Teachers are

very important to us, but we have such a wide area and so many different venues

that we want to maximize our teachers with the technology that we have today.

Our Language Department focuses on speaking conversationally and I want to

share with you just some of our other venues before I get into our Head

Start. First of all, we teach out into our communities night classes. Everyone is

welcome. We actually send the teacher to be on-site there. We have about 32 of

those across Oklahoma, and also including San Francisco and Los Angeles. We also

have teachers at our local university Southeastern Oklahoma State University

that teaches 18 hours of Choctaw for college credit. And we also teach our

employee classes here at the Choctaw Nation, and we have teachers that go to

those classes and teach our employees. But on using technology. We also use our

technology for internet classes that's known all over the world, and we have

about 200 students in that. And over seven courses that are actually free to

our Choctaw citizens. We also have an online class at Southeastern Oklahoma

State University. And this semester was our pilot program with that and it

went really great and we're going to continue with that. But we also use our

technology to teach the native language in 42 of our public schools, and our

teachers are certified by the state of Oklahoma. And we do get world language

credit for this, but we use our distance learning labs and I'm going to explain

it to you in just a second about how we do that. But we also teach in our

14 Head Starts. I am presently speaking to you from the School of Choctaw

Language, which is located in our headquarters in Durant Oklahoma. And as I

think about that in being in our School of Choctaw Language, we have 20 labs in

which , technology teaching labs, in which we

broadcast out to several venues as I was speaking to you to in order to teach a

language. So in our Head Starts you will notice, as we look at our Head Start

programs, we have 14 Head Starts in the Choctaw Nation and we teach to about 333

students or Head Start students in those locations. And we have 20 classes. Some of

our locations have more than one class of Head Start children. So we know that

this is a real problem. It's scattered all over the ten and a half County so we

use our technology to reach out to each and every one of these classes so that

we can deliver language lessons. So let's take a look at what distant learn,

distance learning really means. Distance learning refers to a teaching method

that occurs when students and teachers are located in two different places. It

provides live face-to-face interaction so both students and teachers can engage

with each other. You can also share electronic documents along with voice

and video. So we are going to look today at what one of our technology

teaching labs looks like. So my next slide, you can see our Head Start teaching lab.

And I want to share with you just for a second that our teachers and staff

that our Head Start supplement what we teach and broadcast out to our Head

Start teaching labs. So our teachers are always supplementing what our language

teachers are teaching our students. So together we have it, we come together as

a team in order to teach these young people our native language. So I wanted

to show you today that Head Start teaching labs and just kind of make a

highlight of some of the of the equipment that we have to use so to

speak. If you'll see at the bottom left of the picture, you'll see a normal

computer monitor and so we can use that monitor and we can broadcast things

up on the screen. Whatever we want to do, at any time, at any place that we want to.

In the right of the slide you will see a huge TV monitor that we

have and with this, and I'll show you this in the next slide, we'll be able

see the school children or the Head Start children in any location that we

broadcast out to and then we're able to have that face-to-face conversation. At

the top of the big monitor, on the right, top right, you will see a video conference

unit or a video camera, and with that video camera we're able to see the

children and the children are also able to see us because they have a similar

lab and they're located in their classrooms across the Choctaw Nation.

I would show you one other piece of equipment, but it looks like, it looks

like a puppet. The frog puppet is covering up my document camera so I'll

have to show you that in the next slide. So let's look at how this face-to-face

interaction occurs with our Head Start teaching lab. As you can see in our

face-to-face interaction, as we look at that own our right

is our teacher, and we put this up on the screen so you can see the students

can see our teacher on the right. And as she is visiting and talking to them and

teaching them language lesson the picture on the left is the monitor where we can

actually see that class, and we can talk face-to-face. Our teachers are involved,

you can see our teachers involved in that slide. You can see our students are

involved and we have that live interaction. Face-to-face. Once again, I

want to say is that this teaching of the language is also enhanced by the

teachers on a daily basis. Even after these two classes conclude. The teachers

are always working with the students on their language efforts. As we look

at this, also, it is... let me move to the next slide, and you will see that the

teaching resources. And as I shown you, the labs you can see the puppets to keep

the children interested and then you notice my teacher. You can see the

document camera, and then on the right hand side of the screen and any

documents or pictures of animals or colors or numbers. Anything that we want to us

will come up on the monitoring screen, and then we use that to teach the

children different things. We have our curriculum, our curriculum was

written by our curriculum specialists, and we're writing about the curriculum

specialists that we have. And we got pictures slides of our first speakers that

we work with in the Language Department has worked on our curriculum. It was

probably from the curriculum that we already had. It probably took us six

months to get our curriculum ready and the spots ready in order to teach this,

and we've been doing this for several years. Actually, I would just say this for

over ten years we've been using the technology to reach out to our tribal

members in one way or another. Much like, as you see, that we're reaching

out to our Head Start so staff training is also very important. In learning

how to use the teaching labs, I have a next slide up and it's called: Keeping

Kids Engaged. So we really have to work really hard. Our sessions usually last 10

to 15 minutes in this venue, but at the Choctaw Language Department we not

only teach the language, but we teach teachers how to teach.

And so our staff is constantly working on different ways, different staff

development, I'm constantly working on their delivery styles, and teaching

styles, in the technique to better relate to the children. One thing that we found

out is, yes, we would like to be in that [inaudible].

.... Is to have our teaching labs and our distant teaching lab as you

can see. One of the next slides that I have is vocabulary works. And I

put this up because we use these and we have slides for them that we can broadcast out

on our television screen. And of course, as you can see when the teacher shows the screen of the dog the kids will say Ofi, Ofi. [inaudible].

[inaudible]. We actually do a post test at the end of the year to see what students have retained. To measure how successful we are

or is there something that we need to do or that we need to change. And we work with our teachers.

Also that are located in those Head Starts. How can we do this

better? And what other things that can we do to be successful? In my last slide is

just simply see Choctaw words that I'm done. Makvlla. So that's all. And I

hope that I've helped you out today, and maybe you can see how we maximize

technical, technology and maximizing our language teachers with this technology. I

just want to say this in closing, just feel free to get a hold of me at any

time. Here's my contact information or on the slides is our website on this

slide. You can see other things that we do but I just want to say this, we

started out very small and built up to where we are at today so don't be

discouraged. If this takes a little bit, a little bit, to get started, I

will say this, we are completely tribal funded. And also to the equipment for the

lab that you see costs about S7,000 but you have to have

the equipment on both ends of the broadcast, not only here at the language

school but also at our Head Start. But we're very pleased with the results

of this and I'll be glad to take any questions

that you might have for me today. >> MELODY: Thank you so much Jim. Ah-hoh. We really

appreciate you sharing that. Those amazing innovations that you guys have

come up with. Jim, we do have some questions coming in through the chat box

so I'm just going to go down the list here. So Carolyn Koda Pony asks: Can we

come visit you Mr. Parrish? >> JIM: Yeah, we would be glad for you to come visit us.

We're proud and fortunate to have a very good staff of first language speakers

that work with us that are educators and have developed the

curriculum and the concept that we have. And we would all be glad for you to

come see us. >> MELODY: Wonderful, and we do have a couple other questions.

Suzanne asks: I want to get a better understanding how do the language

teachers promote and provide meaningful context for young children to learn

their tribal language, do they do games, stories, seasonal tribal activities, can

you give us one example? >> JIM: Yeah, sometimes with our students, if you can see the

puppets, they'll use those puppets to tell Choctaw stories. Our teachers will.

But also in our centers, they invite Choctaw people from their different

communities to come into our Head Start centers to talk about language. To

talk about culture, talk to us about Choctaw stories. Anything like this

where our elders and other people do go into our centers and do that in person.

If they are asked to do, but we supplement that with our teachers also

here. I hope that answers your question.

>> MELODY: Wonderful Jim. And we have a couple other questions, and then we'll start to kind

of transition to the next presenter, but we do have a question from Jenny Richard:

is your goal for Choctaw Nation Head Start students to be fluent in Choctaw

or just to be familiar with Choctaw terms? >> JIM: So for the most part, this is a

introduction to Choctaw to some students in our different locations. In

the Choctaw Nation, they have a speaker within their family and/or

they may speak some within that home and they may not, okay. So really, we look

at this as an introduction to our Choctaw students. Would they be fluent

when they finish Head Start? No, because we'd only have them for that one year

all right, but we do want them to become fluent so we hope that we encourage them

to want to be a language learner and to get involved in our language programs in

other ways, but this is an introduction. We like to say this is an

introduction to get them to drink of the water and wanting them to really learn

about their Choctaw heritage and culture in their language. >> MELODY: Wonderful, and then we

do have another... Deborah, Jim says that Yakima Nation wants to come visit you

too. And then we have one final question Carolyn asks: Do you work only with Head

Start or do you work with tribal child care as well? And how long after the

inception of your revitalization department did it take to get into the

early childhood program? >> JIM: You know sometimes we work with child care, but

they sometimes don't have the ability to broadcast for us to broadcast out

from our Learning Labs. We do talk with our child care. I am the Executive

Director over that also, but we just don't have the technology to do that

right now. We wish we did, and we can do more and more. We understand about how

the brain works and the younger we start a child with a language efforts the

better off that we are after. After inception... how long did it take to get into the

early childhood programs? You know I can't really answer that question. I've

been here 10 years. We've been involved in the Head Start programs and early

childhood at all ten years so I'm gonna say probably about 15 years they've been

involved with our early childhood program in this kind of way.

>> MELODY: Wonderful. Thank you so much and I believe we had a

participant who raised their hand. All right, I don't hear anyone maybe your

muted. Press star six to unmute your line.

All right, well we really appreciate all of you. This has just been wonderful. We

do have a couple more presenters here so we really hope that all of you here on

the webinar don't mind staying on a few minutes longer. I know that we are slated

to close at the half hour in about seven minutes, but we have some great

discussion going on and so I just really ask all of you if you don't mind just

staying with us for a few more moments. And if you have to leave, this webinar is

being recorded so you'll be able to view it at your convenience so with that I

just wanted to say Ah hoh. Thank you so much Jim. Thank you for sharing all of

your wonderful work that you're doing and really appreciate you being here. And

thank you all of you for all of your questions, and with that I'm gonna go

ahead and turn it over to our next presenter Michelle Sarche you're up.

>> MICHELLE: Can you hear me? >> MELODY: Yes, we can. >> MICHELLE: Okay, great. Good morning, good afternoon everybody. My

name is Michelle Sarche and I'm with the Tribal Early Childhood Research

Center at the University of Colorado at the Anschutz Medical Campus in Aurora,

Colorado. We are funded by the Administration for Children and Families,

Office of Planning Research and Evaluation to bring together early

childhood researchers, tribal child care, home visiting, and Head Start program

leaders, as well, as federal partners and other tribal early childhood

stakeholders to grow the field of tribal early childhood research through pilot

work measure development and training. And in all of its efforts, the TRC seeks

to ensure that tribal voices and priorities are at the forefront,

and communities of learning, which are virtual spaces for all of those groups

together, are at the center of the work of the TRC. And some of you on this call

may have been involved in some of that community of learning work. What I wanted

to highlight very briefly here is some work that the TRC Native Language and

Culture Community of Learning is doing. Using data from the American Indian and

Alaska Native Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey or AI/AN Faces 2015.

We are using data from that national study of Region XI Head Start programs

and children to put together two research briefs focused on children's

native language and culture experiences in their homes and communities and in

their Region XI Head Start classrooms and programs. And very briefly, I just

wanted to highlight some aspects of the data that are opportunities to celebrate

what is being done in homes and communities and classrooms and programs,

but also take the opportunity to show how these data underscore the critical

need for the work described here today to support parents and programs in their

native language learning goals for children. So as we all know, parents want

their children to learn a native language. Based on AI/AN phases data and

again these data are representative of all children in Region XI Head Start. The

majority or 90% of Region XI children have parents who say it is somewhat or

very important that their child learn a native language, and to that end nearly

half or about 49% of Region XI children have parents who report at least some

native language use in their home. On the other hand or on the flip side of

that, just over half or about 51% of children have parents who report that

there is no native language use at all at home, and only five percent of

children in Region XI nationwide have parents who report that a native

language is the primary language at home. We also know that Region XI Head Start

programs also prioritized children's native language learning. As we've heard

here today, and the work certainly presented by Jim and his Head Start work,

and the same is true for tribal child care programs, as highlighted by Marie,

but based on the AI/AN fases data we can see that over half of Region XI

children are in classrooms that include formal native language instruction so

about 55% of children are in those kind of classrooms. And about 65% of all

Region XI children are in classrooms that use a native language at least some

of the time for instruction. Also, nearly three-quarters of Region XI children

have a language or cultural elder or specialist available at the center or

program level, but on the other hand, fewer than half of Region XI children

are in a classrooms that have printed materials in a native language

about 37%, where children are read to in a native language about 25%, and

fewer than half have a language or cultural elder or specialist available

on a consistent basis at the classroom level. To that end, about a quarter of

children center directors and about a third of their program directors

identified integrating native culture and language into the curriculum as an

area they needed support to lead more effectively. So I think Jim highlighted

this. That you know native language revitalization is a process within

communities, as well as nationwide. And these data from Region XI Head Start

offers a snapshot in time. We know that parents and programs and Native Nations

as a whole are on an upward trajectory of native language revitalization, and

the data, which are just a few little pieces of data, that I shared here today

can be used to see where we are but also to strengthen our resolve to go

further. Which is why I know we are all here today doing what we do so with our

diverse expertise this is just a call that we must continue to grow our

efforts to support Head Start parents and programs in realizing their goals

for Native children's language learning. And so here are just a few resources I

know you'll have access to on these slides, but for the Tribal Early Childhood

Research Center. As well as the Native Children's Research Exchange. We have a

conference once a year and we're going to have another one in 2019. And

also a link to the AI/AN Faces website at ACF where you can also Google AI/AN

Faces to read more and learn more about the data collected in that study, thank

you. >> MELODY: Thank you so much Michelle, and now to share some more information on

resources available, I'm going to turn it over to Suzanne.

Suzanne you might need to press star six to unmute your line. >> SUZANNE: Okay.

Here I am again. You can hear me now?

Okay, I work with the Head Start Information and Knowledge Center and the

ECLKC in particular and I'm excited to be here and highlight some of our

important resources focused on language, tribal language preservation. I'm going to

go really quickly because most of these resources are listed in the panel to

your left. I just want to tell you that you can find the AI/AN pages by going to

that Head Start program listing, and then when you click on explore resources they

go to a page that lists three categories of resources. Tribal language and

cultural resources are important to the effort we're working with today so I

want to highlight the information on the first one. So if you've been asking

yourself during this session "Wow, many of these participants are sharing such

valuable information and there's so many resources I wonder where I get started?"

And what we recommend is this first resource here has a compilation based on

a report of national efforts across the US with interviews from tribal leaders,

program staff, and parents. And it offers templates on preparing and developing a

strategy for implementing language learning for children and adult learners

in your program. So please don't overlook this resource as just the beginning and

jumping-off points. And also, in this area is the important resource: Making It Work.

It's a suite of products that help AI/AN program present traditional cultural

skills, values, beliefs, and life ways to school readiness. You can create cultural

lesson plans to engage families and communities. Document children's progress

using your own ongoing child assessment process, and

develop individualized and small group lesson plans that match children's

interests and needs. Plus there's another

standards-in-action for tribal preservation that offers a vignette from

the AI/AN Sunshine Head Start that describes how participants in the

program work with the language and culture committee established by the

tribal government, and also includes specific references. On the final slide,

I'm going to just briefly highlight AI/AN readiness resources. A suite of webinars

for managers and for directors and a suite of webinars for teachers and

caregivers. So the resources are here. The slides will be available. Michelle Sauve

has already talked about the ANA plethora of resources and funding

opportunities available so next, I'm going to pass this on to Deb Mazzeo who's

going to share the best way to gain from the knowledge and experiences that come

from the tribes themselves, and it's the platform called MyPeers.

Take it away Deb. >> DEB: Thank you so much Suzanne. Hello everyone my name is

Deborah Mazzeo and I am the Cultural and Linguistic Practices Coordinator at the

National Center for Early Childhood Cevelopment, Teaching, and Learning. And as

Suzanne stated, I want to reiterate the use of MyPeers, which Joanna had also

talked about briefly a bit earlier in the presentation. So that everyone is

aware MyPeers is a free online platform for connecting with each other after

this webinar ends. It is a great space for sharing ideas and resources and

asking questions of one another for support.

We really encourage you to tell us what you might need from the National Centers.

There are two communities in particular that may interest you and the images for

both of them are on this slide. So it's the AI/AN Language and Culture Community

and the Culturally and Linguistically Responsive Practices

Community. So once you register, and we'll place the link into the chat box again,

but you'll also find it in the side panel link to resources. Once you

register for that for the platform look for these two images and join those

communities, we're planning on having a follow-up conversation to this webinar

on the MyPeers platform on Friday, November 16th. And that'll be from one

o'clock to 2 o'clock p.m. Eastern Time. So if you're not already a member of MyPeers,

please be sure to join and complete that short form. If you're

already on MyPeers, be sure to join the AI/AN Language and Culture Community,

because that is the community where the chat will happen and if for any reason

you can't join on this Friday the 16th, the chat will be archived so you can

always go back and see what resources may have been shared. We'll also use a

phone line on that day too so besides being online in the chat, you'll plan to

call in and talk, and you'll get that number for calling when you log in to MyPeers

through the announcement or chat box that pops up. So with that we look

forward to seeing you online and I will turn it back over to Melody who has

some questions and we'll be giving some closing remarks. >> MELODY: Thank you so much Deb.

All right, so now that we've heard some resources on how you can connect and

follow-up on tribal language revitalization efforts, we do

you have a couple of questions for you. Again, I just wanted to say thank you so

much to you for staying with us. Our first question is going to show up here

on your screen and it is: Are you familiar with any of the following

resources? So we just asked to take a look quickly at those resources listed

and select those that you're familiar with, and we're also asking you what

other resources or tools are you using to support your work related to tribal

language revitalization in early childhood? And so if you click on the box

in the middle of your screen you'll be able to type in what any other resources

or tools that you're using to support your work that you're willing to share.

So really appreciate you all participating, I see we have some people

selecting the resources. And we have someone typing into the box so we'll

give everyone a moment to type in and we'll let you all type in and then if

you prefer to answer over the phone line just press star six to unmute. And I know

we do have some of you connecting via audio so I'm going to go ahead and read

the resources. Just wanting to know if you're familiar with The Making it Work

resources, and also if you're familiar with The Report on Tribal Language

Revitalization in Head Start and Early Head Start? All right, and if you are

interested in accessing the resources listed just please let us know we'd be

happy to send you the links. There will be a follow-up email that goes out to

participants who registered for this webinar so you'll also get some links to

the resources that way as well. And all of the resources that are shared

are links to the webinar presentation that you can download and access through

the website through the National Center on Tribal Early Childhood Development

website. So we'll put that link into the chat box again so you

can access the slide and you'll be able to just click on the resources once you

have those slides up. Awesome, thank you so much. I see we have lots of wonderful

resources here we really appreciate all of you participating and thank you so

much for sharing this is really helpful, and we do have another question for you.

So I'm going to switch over here so just wanted to say thank you to all of you

for responding and we'll go to our next question really quickly. Please let us

know any topics that you might be interested in for future webinars?

So around tribal language revitalization, what else are you interested in? What

would you like to continue the conversation on? So some ideas might be

funding sources, research behind language development, ideas from other tribal

nations, if you have particular interest that you'd like to explore feel free to

list it. You'll see a box on your screen that came up it says please list any

topics that you're interested in so if you would please type your answer your

response there and hit enter and then it will show up for you. So I just wanted to

say if you have other ideas, other topics that you'd like for to hear on

future webinars also feel free to use the chat box. The chat box is also there

down on the lower right-hand side of your screen so if you have additional

ideas feel free to use that chat box. If you have more than one idea, we really

appreciate you participating and taking the time today we really value your

input. All right and I see some responses coming in. Thank you so much. All right,

wonderful. Looks like a lot of you want ideas from other tribal nations so

that's really exciting. All right, well we're going go ahead and we

are going get ready to move on and close out. I just wanted to say Ah-hoh gah say law.

Thank you so much for taking the time today to join us in our webinar today,

and we really appreciate all of you for sticking with us and for your input, your

insight, and your questions for our presenters. And we just also ask that you

take a moment before you leave today and share some of your feedback on our

webinar so we're going to go ahead and pull up our webinar feedback form and we

really appreciate you just clicking on that link that's going pop up and let us

know how we did. We are always looking for ways to improve and we really value

your input so we're going to also put the link in the chat box so that way

just give us some feedback and on that feedback form you can also enter some

ideas or needs around other technical assistance opportunities. So again we

really appreciate you taking the time today and we wanted to leave you with

this as we close out our webinar today. We wanted to just remind all of us

everyone here of the quote of a saying from Lakota Chief Sitting Bull, he said:

"Let us put our minds together and see what life we can make for our children."

And just wanted to say thank you so much, we appreciate all of your efforts to

support tribal language revitalization and early childhood and we really

appreciate you taking the time today to spend some time with us this afternoon.

So with that I'm going to go ahead and say Oh-bah-hah. Thank you so much and

we will go ahead and tell everyone go ahead and have a wonderful rest of your

day. We're going to go ahead and end our presentation here. Thank you everyone. >> WOMAN: Bye.

For more infomation >> Celebrating Tribal Early Childhood Language Revitalization Efforts Across the United States - Duration: 1:42:08.

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U.S. National Academy of Sciences | Wikipedia audio article - Duration: 15:33.

For more infomation >> U.S. National Academy of Sciences | Wikipedia audio article - Duration: 15:33.

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New 15k Strong Migrant Caravan Preparing to Leave Honduras for the U.S. - Duration: 2:02.

For more infomation >> New 15k Strong Migrant Caravan Preparing to Leave Honduras for the U.S. - Duration: 2:02.

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Finally, A New Land Rover Defender Is Coming To The U.S. And Canada In 2020 - Duration: 2:35.

After a 21 year hiatus (and sky-rocketing prices of used models), the Defender nameplate is returning to America

With test prototypes recently snapped on UK roads, Land Rover has officially confirmed that the next-generation Defender will begin testing in North America as well, starting from January 2019

Testing of camouflaged prototypes on- and off-road will be followed by an official reveal of the all-new Defender later next year

More importantly, the Defender will go on sale in the United States and Canada in 2020

The first development mules and prototypes have already reached North American shores earlier this month and will start testing next month

Land Rover says it needs to test the Defender in North America given the wide variety of terrain and surfaces available on the continent

Furthermore, the new model will be subjected "to rigorous test extremes" to make sure it is the most off-road capable Land Rover vehicle ever

According to the carmaker, tests will be performed in temperatures ranging from -40F to +120F, on- and off-road, and at altitudes of more than 13,000 feet (3,962 meters) above sea level

"On behalf of Land Rover and our retailers, we are proud to announce the voices of American and Canadian customers has been heard: the all-new Defender will be for sale here starting in 2020

This announcement is a holiday gift to our Defender fans in North America and a hint of what's to come in the New Year," said Kim McCullough, Vice President of Marketing for Jaguar Land Rover North America

The upcoming Defender will feature an all-new exterior and interior design, as well as the latest driver assistance and connectivity features available

The company also says it will be "a revolutionary product for Land Rover with even broader public appeal

" Unfortunately, Land Rover isn't willing to disclose anything else about the new Defender and says all will be revealed in 2019

For more infomation >> Finally, A New Land Rover Defender Is Coming To The U.S. And Canada In 2020 - Duration: 2:35.

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United States' oldest war veteran dies aged 112 - News Live - Duration: 2:02.

The oldest veteran in the United States, Richard Overton, has died his family have said.

Having celebrated his 112th birthday in May, the World War II soldier from Austin, Texas died on Thursday, just days after being released from the hospital after a battle with pneumonia.

Though doctors said on December 24 that he'd been feeling better, Overton's family have revealed he died from complications related to the illness.

Overton was born in Texas in 1906 and served in the all-black 1887th Engineer Aviation Battalion, helping to build airstrips in the Pacific theatre between 1940 and 1943.

The son of a liberated slave in the deep South, Overton married twice but never had any children.

He divorced his first wife in the 1920s and his second wife died in the 1980s.

Overton credited his long life to whiskey and cigars.

"I been smoking cigars from when I was 18 years old," He told Fox 7 News in a previous interview. "I'm still smoking 'em. 12 a day."

On Veterans Day in 2013, President Obama honoured Overton in Washington, remarking: "His service on the battlefield was not always matched by the respect he deserved at home.

"But this veteran held his head high".

Three years later, Overton was required to have 24 hours a day medical care, but fearing a move to a nursing home would "kill him", his family set up a GoFundMe page raising over $450,000 to allow him to be treated at home.

He died in a nearby rehabilitation facility on December 27.

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