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Hello welcome to if videos on the unknown the strange and the weird

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Let me start with a thank you Thomas H has been first in the comments many

times and to show my gratitude this video is on a topic of his request

The legend of Greek fire

The ancient Greeks have been credited as the founders of western civilization and culture.

They have been credited with giving us mathematics, philosophy and democracy.

They also had a rich mythology They used myth to teach people about gods,

heroes, nature, and their religion.

The stories they told map the globe, tales of adventure and life's truths.

From Achilles and Poseidon to Hercules and Athena, these stories have preserved the most

entertaining parts of Greek history well into the present day.

These myths and legends are still popular today, from Block buster historical movies

like 'Troy' and 'clash of the titans' to modern reimagining's like 'the Percy

Jackson series' show that people still have a fascination with the Greeks and the stories

they told.

But for as much as we know there is much that we do not, many legends speak of not just

mythical monsters but magical objects.

These objects are often woven into the Greek heroic tales and this brings us to Greek fire.

So what was Greek fire?

It was a weapon was used to defeat the enemies of the Byzantine Empire and repel invading

hoards.

A substance steeped in legend it was said to have been gifted to the Greeks by the god

Prometheus.

The mysterious liquid was shot from pipes mounted on ships and city walls.

The would be attackers were sprayed in this substance which ignited upon impact, it was

said to even burn on water making the oceans boil.

When these flames were dosed with water in an attempt to stop the blaze, it only grew

larger engulfing more ships and causing massive devastation.

This was a weapon of terror and quickly became legend.

Any nation that wished to go to war with the Byzantine Empire knew they must face this

ancient WMD.

A more accurate definition of Greek fire is given by the ancient history encyclopedia.

An incendiary weapon first used in Byzantine warfare in 678 CE.

The napalm of ancient warfare, the highly flammable liquid was made of secret ingredients

and used both in catapulted incendiary bombs and sprayed under pressure so as to launch

flames at enemy ships and fortifications.

It was also used with success in defensive situations.

Greek Fire became the most devastating weapon of Christendom for over seven centuries and

ensured that Constantinople resisted all comers.

Emperor Romanos II (r. 959-963 CE) knew its value and declared three things must absolutely

never reach foreign hands: the Byzantine imperial regalia, any royal princess, and Greek Fire.

As it turned out, the first two were, on occasion, bestowed on foreign rulers but never the third.

So this ancient weapon of mass destruction was of such value its formula was one of the

best kept secrets of that age, even to this we day we cannot be 100% sure of what or how

it was made.

Researchers believe that the ancient napalm was probably a combination of quicklime and

naphtha or turpentine.

Quicklime or Calcium Oxide is a white, caustic, alkaline, crystalline solid at room temperature

but Upon coming in contact with water, quicklime increases its temperature to above 150 °C

and ignite the fuel.

On its own it is an effective weapon, Roman general Sertorius deployed choking clouds

of caustic lime powder to defeat the Characitani of Hispania, and Henry III used it to help

the English Navy destroy an invading French fleet by blinding them with the substance.

Naphtha or turpentine is a hydrocarbon that is derived from crude oil it is very similar

to modern petroleum and has the same properties.

It's an easily ignited fuel source that can burn at high temperatures and float on

water.

So how was this mixture used on the battlefield?

It could be launched in containers, these containers being varying sizes from large

jars fired from catapults to smaller handheld vials that would be thrown like modern hand

grenades.

But probably the most infamous weapons were the flame breathing beasts mounted on the

Byzantine ships.

These ships had metal sculptures of a lions and other beasts on their prow, made from

a combination of iron and brass Greek fire was pumped along tubes running into these

sculpted heads.

They then spewed the deadly concoction over the approaching force.

A terrifying sight for anyone of that time, unnerving enemies and emphasizing the strength

and ferocity of the Greek fleet.

The weapon acted like an ancient nuclear deterrent and thus was so secret the actual recipe has

been lost.

And as is with most weaponry, it was eventually surpassed by gunpowder.

Gunpowder was widely adopted by all and Greek fire was confined to the annals of history.

Once again many thanks to Thomas H for suggesting this topic.

And If you have an idea for video let me know in the comments below

If you enjoyed this video please give it a like

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Catch us on social media thanks for watching Until next time.

For more infomation >> Ancient Weapons 'IF' Greek Fire was real? - Duration: 7:27.

-------------------------------------------

As Liberals Praise Anti-Trump Book, Readers Shocked By What's Seen On First Few Pages - Duration: 5:03.

The left has been having a full-blown celebration after an anti-Trump book, claiming to expose

the secrets of President Donald Trump's White House was released by author Michael

Wolff.

However, liberals may want to tone it down as readers have been left completely shocked

by what's seen within the first few pages.

It doesn't take much to get the left all riled up.

For instance, we can all remember how they reacted when they heard that a special counsel

was being assembled to look into so-called "collusion" with Russia.

Here we are, almost a year later now, and there's absolutely bupkis to show as a result

— except wasted resources.

Unfortunately, it looks like the left hasn't quite been embarrassed enough as they've

decided to get all worked up again, this time over a book after Michael Wolff released "Fire

and Fury: Inside the Trump White House."

In the book, Wolff claims to have been able to get an inside look at all the dirty secrets

that Trump and his administration don't want out when it comes to the dealings of

the Oval Office.

Allegedly achieved by interview after interview, the finished product is a collaboration of

accounts combined to become what Wolff is offering as a reason to have Trump removed

under the 25th amendment, calling him "mentally unfit."

Of course, it's already being ripped apart.

Not only is Wolff being chewed up and spat out by fellow journalists who say he lacks

credibility, but even President Trump has come forward to say just that, offering Wolff's

own past as evidence.

"I authorized Zero access to White House (actually turned him down many times) for

author of phony book!" the President tweeted.

"I never spoke to him for book.

Full of lies, misrepresentations and sources that don't exist.

Look at this guy's past and watch what happens to him and Sloppy Steve!"

I authorized Zero access to White House (actually turned him down many times) for author of

phony book!

I never spoke to him for book.

Full of lies, misrepresentations and sources that don't exist.

Look at this guy's past and watch what happens to him and Sloppy Steve!

— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) January 5, 2018

Although the left is still lauding the book as the potential end of Trump, they may not

want to hold their breath.

Come to find out, readers – both liberal and conservative alike – have been left

completely and utterly shocked to see what was on the first few pages.

Not many authors have to put a disclaimer in the beginning of their book questioning

the authenticity of everything they write from there on.

— Joe Borelli (@JoeBorelliNYC) January 4, 2018

Exposed by Joe Borelli‏, a member of the New York City Council, it looks like Wolff

put a disclaimer in the beginning of his book, outwardly and unashamedly declaring that parts

are untrue.

"Many of the accounts of what has happened in the Trump White House are in conflict with

one another; many, in Trumpian fashion, are baldly untrue," Wolff's disclaimer begins,

and it only gets worse from there.

"Those conflicts, and that looseness with the truth, if not with reality itself, are

an elemental thread of the book," he continues.

"Sometimes I have let the players offer their versions, in turn allowing the reader

to judge them.

In other instances I have, through a consistency in accounts and through sources I have come

to trust, settled on a version of events I believe to be true."

That doesn't sound like very fine journalism, does it?

Unfortunately, this isn't something that you'll hear from the liberal mainstream

media anytime soon because, well, it basically implodes anything that Wolff had to say in

the rest of the book.

I mean, this guy literally told everyone that what he allegedly heard was nothing more than

gossip, if we can even believe he heard anything at all, but he decided to offer the juiciest

parts as a reason to impeach Trump.

Even worse yet, parts of the book have already been debunked, as Weasel Zippers gives a few

examples.

First explaining that "it claims that Roger Ailes suggested John Boehner for a position

to Trump," the source adds, "Leaving aside that unlikely event, the book then tells you

Trump's response was 'Who?'

But Trump has multiple tweets over [the] years talking about Boehner and he's even golfed

with him.

So he obviously knows him.

But it's put in there to make him sound dangerously ignorant because that serves the

narrative."

Too bad for those touting the anti-Trump claims, the reality that it's all bunk will only

keep surfacing as people continue to dig through the glorified work of fiction.

Once again, Trump will be vindicated, and his haters will have to choke on the fact

that he's really not as bad as everyone says he is.

How much more evidence do you need when the guy who writes a book based on claims admits

that it's all unverified and mostly false?

The truth always prevails – and this case will be no different.