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Who's the most famous spy in the world?
As you well know, that accolade goes to the British Secret Service agent, James Bond,
writer Ian Fleming's 1953 creation that turned out to be the gift that keeps on giving.
But who's the most famous British spy that isn't fictional?
You probably don't know, as those guys keep a very low profile.
It might actually be the secret agent who James Bond was based on, a man called Sidney
Reilly, aka, 'The Ace of Spies', who was murdered on the job in Russia in 1925, after
orders were given by the rightly paranoid Joseph Stalin.
Today we are going to take a look at the organizations in the UK and the US where real-life spies
might currently to be getting a paycheck, in this episode of the Infographics Show,
MI6 vs. CIA.
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Let's start with looking at the CIA, an organization you might already know something
about if you watched our show, 'FBI vs CIA'.
The Central Intelligence Agency was created in the interest of the USA's national security.
This might well indeed mean spying on other countries, or even keeping tabs on US citizens
– although how much that actually happens is a matter of debate.
The agency is involved with terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, cyber-intelligence, and
generally keeping an eye on what is happening politically around the world and trying to
ensure it doesn't negatively affect America.
The CIA was created on July 26, 1947, when Harry S. Truman signed off on the National
Security Act.
It was the attack on Pearl Harbor that proved to be the greatest impetus to start such a
covert agency.
After that, the CIA had a hand in many countries affairs.
It was working underground in Jamaica in the 70s – and no, there's no proof the CIA
killed Bob Marley – fixing coup d'états in Iran and Indonesia, and generally making
sure Communism didn't pick up too much traction as it was a threat to global democracy and
America's dominance.
That's quite the position the CIA holds in the world, and judging by many of your
comments on our last show featuring the agency, many of you believe the CIA is lacking in
ethics.
Well, what about the UK's covert agency, is it any better?
We should also explain that MI5 works in the UK catching foreign spies, while MI6 is basically
UK spies abroad.
MI6, or the Secret Intelligence Service, has a similar function to the CIA, in that its
raison d'etre is protecting the UK's national security.
According to its own website, "In the early 1900s, the British government was increasingly
concerned about the threat to its Empire posed by Germany's imperial ambitions."
The Brits also wanted to hold onto their global dominance and wealth, so they needed to keep
the Germans from becoming too powerful.
It was believed at the time that Germany had its own spies wandering around the streets
of England, so in 1909 Prime Minister Herbert Asquith created the Secret Service Bureau.
As you saw already, it wasn't only Germany that worried the UK, but also the Soviet Union
and its communist ambitions.
That's why the bureau's best spy met the Grim Reaper in the face of the trigger-happy,
master of pogroms, Joseph Stalin.
Is it always the 'good' in the battle of Good vs. Evil?
Well, like the CIA, its operations at times could be said to be dubious.
Some of the more famous operations actually include trying to find out who in Britain
was working for the Russians.
It would be revealed that MI6 agents were actually passing secrets to Russia, and even
two politicians were found to be working for the KGB.
Cleaning house, as you might have seen in the movie 'Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy,'
was a big part of the bureau's job.
On the other hand, MI6 actually worked with the Nazi secret police, the Gestapo, to thwart
the rise of communism.
The bureau might be most famous for its Cryptanalysis, which was breaking codes using cryptographic
algorithms.
MI6 was verily the first computer hacker on a large scale, creating the foundations for
modern computing.
Later, MI6 had its hands full with the IRA, and throughout the 70s and 80s concentrated
on international terrorism.
Its intelligence wasn't always that intelligent, which was demonstrated when it told the world
there were weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.
One of the latest programs of MI6 is to spy on North Korea.
Back to the CIA.
The agency has its headquarters in Langley, Virginia, but its secret agents work all over
the world.
It has a number of regular workers of course, and many of those can be found in Washington
DC.
It's thought the agency employs around 21,575 people.
According to Statistica, the CIA budget for 2017 was approximately 13 billion dollars.
This is only one part of the USA's 'Black Budget', a kind of secret budget that was
revealed when Edward Snowden released those files.
It's thought the black budget is well over 50 billion.
MI6 is based in London, and it too has agents all over the globe.
It's much smaller than the CIA, employing around 2,479 people.
It's thought that MI6's budget is around $3.5 billion.
So, how do you get into the CIA?
As we said in our other show, you can do all sorts of things in the CIA, but let's focus
on agents rather than accountants.
Most of its undercover employees are aged between 26 and 35.
They all go through thorough medical and background checks, not to mention polygraphs, which are
also a part of the interview process.
They need a university degree, knowledge of international affairs, and good foreign language
skills.
Other assets include strong negotiation skills, discretion, diplomacy, and criminal investigative
experience.
Ideally, your degree will be in criminology, homeland security, or emergency management.
All present agents have undergone a 56-day Criminal Investigation Training Program and
they will have trained for a further 18 months at the CIA's headquarters.
On the CIA website, it doesn't say that agents are required to do any kind of physical
test, but it does say they must be in "excellent physical and psychological health".
To become an intelligence agent for MI6, you'll need to be at least 22.
You need a university degree, but any major it seems will do.
You then have to take a six-week Foundation Investigative Training Course and after that
you'll be training for two years before you become a proper agent.
On its website, MI6 explains that you'll go through thorough background checks, medical
tests, and if you've taken any illegal drugs, you are gone.
The interview and screening is stressful, they point out, stating, "It's a long
process, up to three months in most cases, and it takes a very fair, in-depth and pretty
intrusive look at your life, including your finances.
It's important to be aware of this commitment before you apply."
You are also supposed to say nothing to anyone about your application, as the bureau pretty
much picks apart your life.
At time of writing, there were over 20 jobs available in MI6, but only one position was
for 'Intelligence Officer'.
So, what's it like to be a CIA agent?
It can be lonely, as we pointed out before, if you go deep undercover.
You can't tell anyone what you do exactly, and you will even keep secrets from your own
family.
On the CIA website, it gives 10 reasons why you should work there, which includes working
with very smart people, having an exciting job, being at the forefront of global politics,
and also receiving great benefits.
According to one salary website, new agents receive about $47,000, but a senior agent
might earn more than $130,000 a year.
One CIA agent of 15 years said he loved the job at times, telling Business Insider, "A
lot of the field work provided incredible moments both in terms of personal satisfaction
in my work and in awe at catching a glimpse of the breadth of diversity in this world."
He also said it's nothing like Hollywood depicts.
Former MI6 intelligence officer, Harry Ferguson, told The Guardian what it was like working
for the organization.
He actually said it did all start a little like a movie, with someone approaching him
while he was a student at Oxford and asking quietly, "Have you ever thought of working
for your country?"
After he nodded, he later received an anonymous envelope containing a description of where
to go for an interview.
He said they are looking for "independent, self-driven people", because once you land
the job, he says it can be very lonely.
It's not necessarily as dangerous as people think, and it can be mundane, but the biggest
downside is, "Knowing someone else was imprisoned, tortured or killed because you didn't do your
job properly."
That can be quite a terrible burden.
He also said the CIA is more dangerous, as their officers are semi-military.
MI6 officers basically spend most of their time trying to recruit people to give them
information, so they mostly stay away from danger.
For that kind of risk you'll start on a salary of 40,000 US dollars.
This will go up after around 5 years' service to $53,000.
The more senior you become, the more you get.
A lot of you are always asking us how we make our videos.
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We can't wait to see the things you create!
Thanks for watching, and a happy new year to one and all!
So, where would you rather work?
MI6 or CIA?
Let us know in the comments!
Also, be sure to check out our other video called FBI vs CIA?!
Thanks for watching, and, as always, don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.
See you next time!
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