when many of us grew up there were 9 planets in our solar system. It was like some
fixed point in our brain. But in 2006, some news article came and we learnt that
Pluto is not a planet. So what happened to Pluto? And how many
planets are there in our solar system?
There are total eight planets in our solar system - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The first four inner solar system planets
that is Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars fall under category of terrestrial
planets. Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants. They mostly composed of hydrogen and
helium. Uranus and Neptune are known as ice-giants.
They mostly contain elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. Pluto was
classified as one of the solar system planets when it was first discovered by
Clyde Thombaugh in 1930. But then in 2005 Mike Brown discovered Eris and icy
object thought to be almost of the same size as Pluto. So the number of planets
should increase. But some astronomers advocated it to include Ceres in the
asteroid belt and Charon a moon of Pluto into the list of planets because they
are also almost of the same size. So in 2006, International Astronomical Union
mate in Prague and they made it tighter definition of planet. According to this
new definition a planet is a celestial body that follows three criteria. One :
it orbits around Sun. Two : It has sufficient mass for self gravity to overcome the
rigid body forces so that is assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium or a nearly round
step. Three : it has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit. As Pluto is a part of
Kuiper belt object therefore there are many other objects around its orbit.
Hence it has not mate the third criterion and it is no longer consider
as a planet. Instead it is classified as a dwarf
planet. There are many other dwarf players like Ceres Haumea Makemake Eris
etc. it is now considered as one of the largest known members of the Kuiper belt.
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