Hi curious and curious, I'm JJ Priego, welcome to Science Science, that little place,
where we see that the known finite and infinite is unknown.
Today take a new video, beside our friend Alex Riveiro.
As you know, also you have a YouTube channel, highly recommended, I encourage
to subscribe.
Well, today continued with its yarns Twitter.
And today, let's talk about the famous "Higgs Boson"
Well, you ⨀queréis know more ...
Well, let's look around.
[MUSIC]
You may know that the Higgs boson was discovered in 2013, but its function may you
Mandarin Chinese may sound right?
By the way, this is just a cool image, which we found by searching for "boson
de higgs".
But obviously it is not their representation.
To speak, the Higgs boson, we need to talk a bit, particle physics,
to understand where all the pieces fit.
There is something that physicists use, we call the Standard Model, which is simply
the laws of particle physics.
These are very modest, because "only" explain all matter and forces, we see
around us.
Come on, little.
And of course, that sounds perhaps even more intimidating ...
The important thing is to keep a fairly simple idea.
There are two main categories.
Fermions and bosons's.
Fermions are the subject.
We protons and neutrons, which are composed of quarks and leptons,
which they are indivisible and are things like electrons and neutrinos.
In short.
All you can touch, like this shirt, is composed of fermions.
So far, it sounds simple, right?
Well, let's try, so be it throughout the video ... let's see ...
Now we are bosons, which are particles that communicate forces
universe.
And I said so, may sound like Chinese, but you know bosons ...
For example, the photon, is the boson that connects the electromagnetic force.
And we also have the gluon, which communicates the strong nuclear force and the bosons
W and Z communicating the weak nuclear.
But the standard model, poses a couple of mysteries.
For example.
There are four fundamental forces in the universe.
Electromagnetic (whose boson photon).
The strong interaction (having at gluón) and weak (having a W and Z).
You may ask ... And gravity, which has ...?
Because you do not have boson!
Or rather.
We do not know if you have it.
But surely, you've heard his name: the graviton
In fact, if you want to get a Nobel Prize, you can try to prove the existence
graviton, or nonexistence, of course ...
At another point, we will tell precisely that the graviton, is one of the pitfalls for
have a theory of everything.
By the way, here I have a playlist, where I talk about the Theory of Everything ...
And there is another mystery, but ... to talk about it, I have to introduce you to this gentleman:
Peter Higgs.
Peter Higgs, a British physicist who, one day back in the 60s, it became
one of those inevitable questions ...
So curious, imagine the good man, sitting in his chair, there, in the countryside
English, watching the cows graze and wondered "Why do things have mass?
Why is the amount of mass of an object determines the difficulty to move it or stop it? "
Come on, the typical question that happens to one's head in a moment of reflection ...
But ... bosons, perhaps you have read (or heard) that are "excitations" of
their respective fields.
That is, if you excite an electromagnetic field a photon occurs.
If you excite a field of strong nuclear interaction, a gluon .. etc, etc, etc.
Well, those fields are three-dimensional and they are tooooooooooodo the universe.
So, Peter Higgs suggested that perhaps had a similar mass to the field.
Something we call the Higgs field.
In this video from here, I will also spoke, the Higgs field, in a curious way.
Well, as I said, Higgs suggested that perhaps there was a similar field for
dough.
That, like those other fields, would be everywhere in the universe.
And its corresponding boson would be the Higgs boson.
A particle literally be responsible for assigning mass to everything else.
Issue?
For a boson, it is necessary to excite, as I said, the field of turn.
And that is achieved with energy.
So, we had to wait (even though the scientific community and sensed that the
Higgs had to exist) until recent times
This one here, is one of the tunnels of the LHC, the Large Hadron Collider.
A particle accelerator.
Inside the physical launch, two proton beams in opposite directions, a
very close to the speed of light.
Today, I do not know what the exact speed, but in 2013 moved to 0.999999991c protons.
Or what is the same, only 10km / h slower than the speed of light.
Brutal ¿no?
And as you may know, the nice thing about Einstein told us what that E = mc2.
Energy equals mass times velocity of light squared.
So if you do collide, two beams of light with high energy, what occurs?
For mass.
Particles, very massive lasting a very short time
The average life of a Higgs boson is this 1.56 x 10 (-22) s.
That is, 0.0000000000000000000156 seconds.
So we had to wait, the Large Hadron Collider, to see that, indeed,
Peter Higgs was right.
There is a particle, which only manifests itself in very energetic collisions, giving you
mass everything else.
The finding also earned him a Nobel Prize he received in 2013 and shared
François Englert.
As you may know, the Higgs boson, also often been called the "particle
of God".
But the truth is that it has little divine.
Actually, the name was a joke of a physicist, who was just trying to capture that
it is a particle, very important and very elusive.
But the name seeped into the media ... (I guess it's easier to remember ... and salseo ...
You know...).
Evil we know that there is a Higgs boson is posed, a small
dilemma about the universe.
And, their status, could determine the fate of the universe.
In this video I talked about it here ...
Besides ... There is a hypothesis called "false vacuum," which is to ask if the
Higgs field, is at its lowest possible energy ..
Although it is not exactly an energy level, but I think it is easier for us
We understand if we indicated so ...
The question is this.
If it is at its lowest level, we live in a stable universe.
There is nothing to worry about.
But if there is a lower power level, the Higgs boson could fall,
and cause sudden and sudden changes in the universe
If the lowest level exists, the Higgs boson is not in it, we say that we live
in a "metastable" universe
And in recent times, some studies have attempted to determine whether we live in a universe
stable or metastable.
The conclusion seems to be that the universe could be metastable, but there is a mystery.
It all depends on that, those energies so high, which I have told you, you have to
to collide two beams of light to observe things like the Higgs boson, standard model
is equal and the truth is we do not know if so.
We do not know if the model is consistent (and indeed seems not), so the universe,
It could be perfectly stable, but we will not be able to prove it.
The good news is that, even if metastable, the universe takes 13,800 million
years here.
And some have calculated that, if any, that final, it would be trillions of years.
How you have fallen curious and inquisitive?
Good video here today. (1 meu Darrere) I hope you enjoyed the collaboration
Alex Riveiro.
And you already know, to follow quickly on Twitter and YouTube.
Is a crack. (Fins here) For my part I would've been great and if you like you.
We will continue with the collaboration.
Ponédmelo in the comments.
And you know, if you liked this video I give the like.
And if it's your first time in Science of Science give to this button and subscribe to the channel,
also the bell to keep abreast of developments.
Finally I recommend you follow my other 2 channels, Stories of History and Easypromos
TV.
You will like them.
And remember, knowledge is an essential requirement for survival.
Many thanks.
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